Aim:To evaluate the sealing ability of ProRooT MTA, RetroMTA, and Biodentine as furcation repair materials using dye extraction leakage method.Materials and Methods:Thirty-five mandibular molars were randomly divided into four groups according to the material used for perforation repair. Group I — ProRoot MTA (10 samples), Group II — RetroMTA (10 samples), Group III — Biodentine (10 samples), and Group IV (Control) — left unrepaired (5 samples). All samples were subjected to orthograde and retrograde Methylene blue dye challenge followed by dye extraction with concentration 65% nitric acid. Samples were then analyzed using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer using 550 nm wave lengths.Statistical Analysis:One-way analysis of variance, Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons test.Results:Biodentine showed least dye absorbance while RetroMTA showed highest dye absorbance values when compared with other repair materials.Conclusion:Within the limitations of this study, it was observed that Biodentine showed better sealing ability when compared with other root repair materials.
Background:Caries is the most common dental disease facing the world population. Caries can be prevented by remineralizing early enamel lesions.Aim:To evaluate remineralization efficacy of stannous fluoride (SnF2), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate with fluoride (CPP-ACPF) and calcium sucrose phosphate (CaSP).Materials and Methods:Fifty enamel samples were taken; they were divided into five groups (n = 10). Demineralization was carried out with Groups A, B, C, and E. Remineralization was carried out with Groups A, B, and C for 7 days using SnF2, CPP-ACPF, and CaSP, respectively. In Group D, no surface treatment was carried out, to mark as positive control whereas Group E was kept as negative control with only surface demineralization of enamel. Enamel microhardness was tested using Vickers's microhardness tester after 7 day remineralization regime.Statistical Analysis:One-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests were performed.Results:The mean microhardness values in descending order: Positive control > SnF2> CaSP > CPP-ACPF > negative control.Conclusion:All remineralizing agents showed improved surface remineralization. However, complete remineralization did not occur within 7 days. SnF2 showed the highest potential for remineralization followed by CaSP and CPP-ACPF.
Background:Removal of smear layer from the root canal walls is important for long-standing endodontic success.Aim:The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare smear layer removing ability among 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Q-MIX, and phytic acid by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Materials and Methods:This in-vitro experimental study assessed smear layer removal using three different irrigants. Thirty single-rooted freshly extracted human permanent premolars were collected, disinfected, and decoronated to a standardized root length of 13 mm. Root canals were cleaned and shaped till F2 universal rotary protaper at working length 1 mm short of the apex. They were randomly divided into three groups, and final irrigation was done accordingly. Group 1 (n = 10): with 1 ml of 17% EDTA, Group 2 (n = 10): with 1 ml of Q-MIX, Group 3 (n = 10): with 1 ml of phytic acid. Samples were then longitudinally sectioned and evaluated under SEM at coronal, middle, and apical levels.Statistical Analysis:Two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were performed. The level of significance was set at 0.05.Results:Smear layer removing ability among irrigants and sections in descending order: 17 EDTA > Q-MIX > phytic acid; coronal > middle > apical.Conclusion:17% EDTA showed better and promising results followed by Q-MIX and then phytic acid.
Aims:To evaluate and compare the push-out bond strength of root filled with Endosequence BC, AH Plus and Endomethasone N sealers using lateral condensation and thermoplasticized technique.Materials and Methods:Thirty mandibular premolars with completely formed roots were selected. Teeth were decoronated, working length was determined. Instrumentation and irrigation were performed. Teeth were then obturated with Group 1-Cold lateral compaction (n = 15) or Group 2-Thermoplasticized technique (n = 15). Each group was again subdivided into three depending on the sealers used. Teeth in each subgroup were then sectioned perpendicularly to the long axis to obtain a disc of 2 mm each, which were then subjected to micro push-out test. Data was analyzed with ANOVA.Results:AH Plus sealer in Group 1 showed the maximum (4.77 ± 1.67 MPa) push-out bond strength among the three sealers and between two groups. The mean strength of Bioceramic sealer was lower in Group 1 (2.62 ± 0.76 MPa) and higher in Group 2 (3.52 ± 0.69 MPa).Conclusions:The push-out bond strength of Endosequence BC sealer was lower than the AH Plus root canal sealer with cold lateral condensation technique.
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