: In a megacity, structure response during an earthquake could be increased or decreased due to effects from neighboring structures, through structure-soil-structure interaction (SSSI). In the present study, a series of dynamic geotechnical centrifuge tests are carried out to investigate SSSI effects on responses of structure with various characteristics of mass, height, and natural frequency. Experimental observations are focused on the effects of the distance between two structures, type, and peak acceleration of input excitation. A period lengthening is observed in the soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI) effects of all structures. It is monitored that an increment in response of smaller structure and a decrement in response of larger structure, compared to isolated structure, due to SSSI effects. Unfavorable distance reveals that the most significant increment in response of S2 structure occurred at approximately one-fourth of wavelength transmitted from the vibrating adjacent structure. More severe SSSI effects are found under a lower input earthquake acceleration. It is found that both height and mass ratios, between two adjacent structures, are particular parameters on SSSI, resulting in increment or reduction of structure response.
It is essential to reduce structural damages caused by earthquakes in severe conditions, such as layered ground, especially when a soft soil layer is close to the surface. In this study, the kinematic and inertial interactions, two mechanisms of soil–foundation–structure interaction (SFSI), of different soil–foundation–structure systems (SFS) were investigated on uniform and layered grounds. Two layered soil profiles composed of a low stiffness layer laid over another were prepared in an equivalent shear beam container. Nine centrifuge experiments were carried out for three structures located on the surface of each ground and exposed to the Hachinohe earthquake while increasing the peak acceleration of the input motion. Numerical simulations were performed to simulate the centrifuge tests. It was found that roof motion (RM) of the tall structure increased in layered profile even though the free-field motion (FFM) decreased compared to homogeneous ground. The appearance of a soft layer beneath structures modifies the SFS system’s stiffness that causes kinematic and inertial interactions to alter to those on uniform soil profile.
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