By affecting fibrinolysis, tranexamic acid significantly reduces bleeding both in off- and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and may modulate inflammation in these surgical settings.
Epicardial radiofrequency ablation is a safe means to achieve surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation with a high success rate. The simplicity of the technique and the low procedure-related risk should dictate combined treatment virtually in all patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing open heart operations.
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