RESUMODesde o início da década de 1980, são relatadas na literatura divergências quanto às relações de alelismo ou não entre os mutantes de amadurecimento de frutos de tomateiro denominados alc (= alcobaça) e nor (=non-ripening). Para dirimir tais dúvidas, foi realizado um teste de alelismo entre os genes considerados. Foram avaliadas 364 plantas F 2 provenientes do cruzamento entre as linhagens de tomateiro TOM-559 (alc/alc) e TOM-613 (nor/nor), além de vinte plantas de cada uma das linhagens TOM-559 (alc/ alc), ABSTRACTSince the early 1980's there are conflicting reports on the possible allelic relations between the tomato ripening mutants alc (=alcobaça) and nor (=non-ripening). In order to end these controversies, a test of allelism between the genes alc and nor was performed. A total of 364 plants of the F 2 population between the tomato lines TOM-559 (alc/alc) and TOM-613 (nor/nor) were screened, along with 20 plants each of lines TOM-559 (alc/alc) and TOM-613 (nor/nor), of hybrids F 1 . TOM-559 and TOM-613 are near-isogenic lines to Floradade, and differ from the latter only due to the presence of genes alc and nor, respectively. Floradade fruit harvested at the breaker stage show normal red color (normal phenotype) when fully ripe, whereas fruit of either TOM-559 or TOM-613 remain yellow or yellowish-orange (mutante phenotype). Four fruits per plant were harvested at the breaker stage and subsequently evaluated for their mature fruit color phenotype (normal or mutant). The results of the test of allelism indicate that the most likely hypothesis is that alc and nor are allelic to each other. Therefore, alc was considered to be a third allele at the nor locus, and the symbol nor A was substituted for alc. Há na literatura descrição de vários alelos mutantes que interferem no processo natural de amadurecimento dos frutos do tomateiro, retardando o amadurecimento e prolongando a conservação em pós-colheita, dentre os quais destacam-se os alelos rin (ripening inhibitor), nor (non ripening), alc (alcobaça). Vários trabalhos foram realizados, utilizando esses alelos em heterozigose ou duplas combinações heterozigotas, com a finalidade de se aumentar o tempo de conservação dos frutos em pós-colheita (Mutschler et al., 1992;Freitas et al., 1998;Andrade Junior et al., 2005;Santos Junior et al., 2005; Faria et al., 2006).

Resumo Ramas de batata-doce apresentam características satisfatórias para alimentação animal, porém não têm sido exploradas na forma de feno. Objetivou-se avaliar o uso de ramas de batata-doce para a produção de feno e a divergência genética em clones de batata-doce. Foram avaliados dez clones de batata-doce, conduzidos a campo em blocos ao acaso e cinco repetições. Foram determinados o teor de matéria seca, as produtividades de massa verde e massa seca (PMS), a relação folha e haste das ramas e a produção total e comercial de raízes (PRC). Obtidos os fenos, avaliaram-se as características MS, PB, FDN, FDA, lignina, amido, açúcares solúveis, macro e micronutrientes. Estimou-se a divergência genética entre os clones de batata-doce. O clone UFVJM-54 aliou alta PRC com maior PMS. Os fenos apresentaram teores de PB variando de 11,99 a 15,09%, FDN 47,22 a 55,55%, FDA 22,92 a 28%, e 6,87 a 13,72% de LIG. De forma geral, os teores de minerais nos fenos foram satisfatórios. Os clones foram separados em cinco grupos diferentes. As ramas de batata-doce podem ser utilizadas para a produção de feno. Os clones UFVJM-37, UFVJM-46 e UFVJM-54 são recomendados para cruzamentos com os demais genótipos.

Sweet potato branches have potential use in animal feeding, even fresh or ensiled, and some additives may enhance their quality. This study aimed at assessing silage quality of sweet potato branches using different additives. We ensiled sweet potato branches without additive (control) and with the addition of 10% disintegrated corn with straw and corncob (DCSC), 10% sugarcane bagasse from alembic, 10% citrus pulp, and 10% coffee husk. Three samples of each plot were obtained after drying for measurements of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, mineral matter, starch, soluble sugars, pH, lactic acid bacteria population, gas, and effluent losses. Silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and coffee rusk reached the highest dry matter contents. Moreover, citrus pulp silage had a high content of NDF. In contrast, DCSC silage showed the lowest content of ADF. Lignin was low in silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and control (without additive). Suitable amounts of starch, crude protein, and lactic acid bacteria population were found in all treatments. Silage with DCSC achieved the best results for the assessed variables. Therefore, DCSC is the most suitable additive to improve silage quality of sweet potato branches. QUALIDADE DE SILAGEM DE RAMAS DE BATATA-DOCE COM DIFERENTES ADITIVOSRESUMO -As ramas de batata-doce apresentam potencial de utilização na alimentação animal, na forma fresca e de silagem, sendo que a utilização de aditivos pode contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade da silagem das ramas. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a qualidade da silagem de ramas de batata-doce com diferentes aditivos. Os tratamentos utilizados para a confecção das silagens foram: ramas puras; ramas + 10% de MDPS (milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo); ramas + 10% de bagaço de cana de alambique; ramas + 10% de polpa cítrica; ramas + 10% de casca de café. Foram determinadas amatéria seca, proteína bruta, fibra de detergente neutro (FDN), fibra de detergente ácido (FDA), celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, cinzas, amido, açucares solúvel, pH, população de Bactérias do ácido láctico, perdas por gases e efluentes. As silagens de ramas + MDPS, ramas + polpa cítrica e ramas + casca de café apresentaram os maiores teores de matéria seca. Na silagem de ramas + polpa cítrica foi registrada alto teor de FDN. Já na silagem de ramas + MDPS obteve-se o menor teor de FDA. O teor de lignina foi baixo nas silagens das ramas + MDPS, ramas puras e ramas + polpa cítrica. Os teores de amido, PB e populações de BAL foram adequados para todas as silagens. A silagem contendo ramas + MDPS apresentou os melhores resultados para as características avaliadas, de forma que o aditivo utilizado nesta silagem é o mais recomendado para as condições experimentadas.Palavras-chave: Alimentação animal. Forragem alternativa. Ipomoea batatas. Matéria seca.

-Introduction. The preliminary study of the post-harvest quality of the fruit from strawberry cultivars in a new growing region is necessary for both farmers and consumers. The objective of the present study was to evaluate strawberry cultivars at different harvest times with regard to fruit quality aiming at the selection of possible parents for breeding programs for cultivation in the tropical humid conditions of the city Datas, in Minas Gerais State (Brazil), and in other regions with similar soil-climatic conditions. Materials and methods. The strawberry fields were cultivated on the Mape Frutas Farm, located in the city of Datas-MG. Eight cultivars ('Aromas', 'Camarosa', 'Campinas', 'Diamante', 'Dover', 'Festival', 'Oso Grande', and 'Toyonoka') were assessed in a randomized block design with a split-plot in time. Four replicates and three harvest times (June, August, and October 2012) were evaluated. Fruit from the different cultivars were analyzed for their physicochemical and antioxidant properties. Results and discussion. There was a genetic variability and the predominance of genetic factors over environmental effects for the evaluated traits. Fruits harvested at the end of the crop cycle (October) had the highest levels of total reducing sugars, vitamin C, phenols, anthocyanins, carotenoids, soluble solids, and total antioxidant activity. Cultivars Camarosa, Festival, and Toyonoka showed better fruit quality. Conclusion. Based on the genetic dissimilarity and fruit quality, the cross between 'Toyonoka' and 'Camarosa' or 'Festival' is indicated for the genetic improvement of strawberry in the region and other places with similar soil-climatic conditions. Keywords: Brazil / strawberry / Fragaria × ananassa / plant breeding / fruit quality / genetic trait / nutritional value Résumé -Qualité des fraises cultivées dans les conditions tropicales humides du Brésil pour les programmes de sélection. Introduction. L'étude préliminaire de la qualité post-récolte des fruits du fraisier dans une nouvelle région de culture est une étape indispensable tant pour les agriculteurs que pour les consommateurs. L'objectif de la présente étude était d'évaluer les cultivars de fraisier à différents moments de la récolte sur des critères de qualité des fruits dans un but de sélection des parents potentiels dans des programmes de sélection pour la production de fraises dans les conditions tropicales humides de Datas, au Minas Gerais (Brésil) et dans d'autres régions aux conditions pédo-climatiques similaires. Matériel et méthodes. Les parcelles de fraisiers ont été cultivées sur le domaine de Mape Frutas Farm, situé sur la commune de Datas-MG. Huit cultivars (« Aromas », « Camarosa », « Campinas », « Diamante », « Dover », « Festival », « Oso Grande » et « Toyonaka ») ont été évalués dans un dispositif de split-plot en blocs randomisés. Les données de quatre répétitions sur trois dates de récolte (juin, août et octobre 2012) ont été évaluées. Les fruits des différents cultivars ont été analysés pour leur qualité physi...

This research was installed to study plant growth of sweet potato and identify the most favorable harvest time for both roots and the aboveground part (stems). The experiment was carried out at the JK campus of the Federal University of the Vale do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, in Diamantina, MG, complete blocks at random, with four replications. Three plants in the central part of the experimental plots were collected in twelve consecutive harvests at 15-day intervals. Plants were fractionated in roots, stems, and leaves to determine the dry matter of each part. Leaf area was also measured and growth rates were calculated. Data were analyzed by means of regression. Plants reached the highest dry matter accumulation between 75 and 156 days after transplanting (DAT), which corresponded to the phase of greatest growth. Plants should be harvested between 60 and 87 DAT to achieve the highest stem yield. For the highest root yield, the harvest should be carried out 180 DAT. The period from 80 to 118 DAT was the most adequate for reaching simultaneously the highest yields for both roots and stems. Therefore, the ideal harvest time for sweet potatoes depends on the use intended for the plant and on the physiological indexes associated with it.

Correlations and path analysis between characteristics can aid the selection of important attributes in breeding programs. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform genotypic, phenotypic correlations and path analysis under commercial yield of garlic bulbs, depending on morphological and agronomic variables. The experiment was carried out in 2017 at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri and Universidade Federal de Lavras, using ten garlic genotypes, eight trials and two commercial cultivars, Caçador and Jonas. We evaluated: plant height; number of leaves, total bulb number; total bulb mass, total bulb yield, marketable bulb yield and number of cloves per bulb. The genotypic and phenotypic correlations were positive and significant between marketable yield of bulbs with bulb mass, total yield and number of cloves per bulb, indicating that selection based on these characteristics will help increase the yield of garlic. However, only the number of cloves per bulb had a direct effect and a relevant indirect effect on the marketable yield of garlic.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic dissimilarity between half-sibling progenies of kale in order to determine the most divergent progenies and, also, to select potential parents. Thirty-six kale genotypes were evaluated, being thirty-three half-sibling progenies and three commercial cultivars, in a randomized block design with four replicates and six plants per plot. Twenty-eight traits were evaluated in each plant per plot, thirteen quantitative and fifteen qualitative traits. Genetic divergence was studied using MANOVA and canonical variables for quantitative observations. In addition, dendrograms were made for quantitative, qualitative and joint analyses by UPGMA method, using Mahalanobis distance. Genetic divergence was observed between genotypes. Commercial cultivars were more divergent than half-sibling progenies. Among half-sibling progenies, the most divergent ones were P1, P21, P23, P25 and P30. We concluded that half-sibling progenies P1, P23 and P30 can be used as potential parents to compose the recombinant population.

RESUMO:Minimizar as perdas pós-colheitas durante o armazenamento da batata-doce é imprescindível para o produtor e consumidor. Com isso, a utilização do uso de ferramentas estatísticas que vise selecionar os genótipos superiores que detenham boas características na pós-colheita contribuirá com os programas de melhoramento. Assim, objetivou-se demonstrar a aplicabilidade da técnica do agrupamento multivariado de curvas como alternativa no estudo pós-colheita, na desidratação de raízes entre acessos de batata-doce. Foram avaliados 74 acessos de batata-doce conduzidos no delineamento em blocos ao acaso em quatro repetições. As raízes foram armazenadas em caixas plásticas em temperatura ambiente e a perda de matéria fresca foi mensurada nos tempos 0, 4, 8, 12 e 16 dias após a colheita. O agrupamento multivariado baseou-se na distância euclidiana e no método de otimização de Tocher em curvas ajustadas por meio de modelos lineares e não-lineares. O modelo não-linear de melhor ajuste foi o Brody o que possibilitou a discriminação de acessos com maior e menor desidratação. A estatística do agrupamento multivariado de curvas mostrou-se eficiente no estudo da pós-colheita em raízes de acessos de batata-doce. Palavras-chave: Ipomoea batatas; medidas repetidas; multivariada; regressão não-linear Multivariate clustering of curves on dehydration in sweet potato rootsABSTRACT: Minimizing post-harvest losses during sweet potato storage is imperative for the producer and consumer. Therefore, the use of statistical tools to select the superior genotypes that have good post-harvest characteristics will contribute to breeding programs. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of the multivariate clustering technique as an alternative in the post-harvest study on root dehydration among sweet potato accessions. A total of 74 accessions of sweet potatoes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design in four replicates. The roots were stored in plastic boxes at room temperature and the loss of fresh matter was measured on times 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 days after harvest. The multivariate clustering was based on the Euclidean distance and the Tocher optimization method on adjusted curves using linear and nonlinear models. The nonlinear best fit model was Brody, which allowed the discrimination of accesses with higher and lower dehydration. The multivariate grouping of curves was efficient in the post-harvest study on sweet potato access roots.Agrupamento multivariado de curvas na desidratação em raízes de batata-doce Rev. Bras. Cienc. Agrar., Recife, v.13, n.3, e5566, 2018 2/6