У глублённое изучение зубочелюстной системы, формы и размеров зубных дуг обусловлено интересом, проявляемым к этому вопросу стоматологами, морфологами, судмедэкспертами, а также этническими и эволюционными антропологами. Обновлённая и заново введённая в научную практику система признаков, подробно описываю-щая формы, размеры зубных дуг, представляет самостоятельный интерес с позиций судебной медицины и морфологической антропологии [2, 5]. Прогрессивный уровень фундаментальных и прикладных исследований, касающихся вопросов морфогенеза, типовой и индивидуальной вариабельности морфологических структур челюстно-лицевой
In modern orthodontic practice, a narrow upper jaw is often corrected using teeth-anchored expanders. As a result of skeletal expansion, dental orthodontic appliances have an adverse effect both on the teeth and on the supporting tissues. An analysis of the issues associated with dental fixation devices, as well as the results of combined orthodontic & surgical treatment with Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (SARPE), has allowed us to develop a palatal expander anchored on miniimplants. This method has been tested through the upper jaw expansion in patients in their post-pubertal period. The article offers a view at the changes in the skeletal and dental parameters during rapid maxillary expansion with the proposed expander. Skeletal expansion of the upper dentition in this case is achieved with minor changes in the lateral teeth inclination, thus allowing to minimize the risk of side effects typical for teeth-anchored expanders: root resorption, alveolar bone buccal thickness reduction, marginal bone reduction, and gum recession. The method proposed for upper jaw skeletal narrowing treatment with a palatal expander supported by mini-implants improves the upper airway.
i n t r o d u C t i o nThe most common pathology in clinical orthopedics that affects adult population is dentition issues localized in various parts of the dentition [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The worst thing here -from the topography view -is freeend edentulous space, which, in case of lacking timely treatment will develop into masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathology [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Aim of studyTo identify the major clinical symptoms of masticatory muscle and TMJ pathologies, and to determine their prevalence in patients with free-end edentulous space. m a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d sThe study involved 280 patients with free-end edentulous space, of them 160 (57.1%) being females, with another 120 (42.9%) males aged 24-65. Through diagnosing the TMJ dysfunction we identified the maximum value of the mouth opening at vertical, lateral, and frontal mandibular movement; the type and the steadiness of the mandibular movement; pain symptoms in the TMJ and in the masticatory muscles at palpation and at various movements; the presence and the degree of articular noise. r e s u l t s o f s t u d yStudying mandibular movements allowed identifying their limit at maximum mouth opening in 42.9% of the patients, while in 28.6% of them the maximum opening was reduced to 25-37 mm, and in another 14.3% of the patients that value was below 25 mm. 57.1% of the patients had mandibular vertical movements within the normal values (38-56 mm).Restricted lateral mandibular movement was registered in 42.9% of the patients, whereas 32.2% of them had lateral movements values now exceeding 5-9 mm, and in another 10.7% -less than 5 mm. In 57.1% of the patients, lateral movements were within the normal range (10-11 mm).The frontal (protrusional) movement of the mandible was restricted in 14.3% of the patients, including 10.7% of the patients who had the respective value in between 3-5 mm, while 3.6% of the patients had it below 3 mm. In 85.7% of the patients the mandibular movement forward was within the full range (5-7 mm).The asymmetric nature of the mandible movements relative to the midline at the mouth opening was observed in 21.4% of the patients. At the same time, 17.8% of the patients had the mandible shifting to the right or left in the initial phase of the mouth opening, and then returning to the midline. In 3.6%, the mandible shifted to the side without returning to the midline, and in the final phase of the mouth opening, it featured a shift to the side by more than 2 mm. In 78.6% of the patients, no mandible movements asymmetry was identified, while the mandible lateral shift did not exceed 2 mm.A pain response from the TMJ during mandibular articulation was to be observed in 17.9% of patients, while in 10.7% of the patients it was observed with one mandibular movement, and in 7.2% of the patients -with two or more movements. 81.1% of the patients manifested no pain symptoms.Pain symptoms through mandible articulation which localized in the masticatory muscles were observed in 17.9% of the patients. ...
This study aims to check the phonetic adaptation of patients with fixed denture constructions using auditory analyzer software. Spectrograms and sonograms of patients before the orthopedic treatment were used as a research material. The further analysis was performed on with the help of auditory analyzer software Steinberg Wavelab V5.01b and Algorithmix renovator 2.1. Acoustic analysis of spectrograms and sonograms carried out using computer technologies can help dentists and orthopedists with planning and carrying out the orthopedic treatment, and to avoid occurrence of possible complications. It considerably improves orthopedic treatment of defects in the anterior part of the upper front teeth.
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