The genus Farrowia D. Hawksworth was established for members of the Chaetomiaceae with Botryotrichum-like anamorphs and long-necked ascomata, but the separation of Farrowia from Chaetomium Kunze has been questioned by mycologists who did not consider these characters to be significant at the generic level. The recent description of a species of Chaetomium with an aleurioconidial anamorph and long-necked ascomata prompted us to explore this question employing molecular characters. We sequenced a portion of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit rRNA gene (28S) of members of the Sordariales including species of Chaetomium, Farrowia and Thielavia. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the monophyly of the Sordariales and the close relationship of Aporothielavia leptoderma to the genus Chaetomium. A sequence-based phylogeny identified a well-supported clade that included Chaetomium floriforme, Chaetomium sphaerale, members of the genus Farrowia, and longicollous species of Chaetomium with aleurioconidial anamorphs. A clade containing Chaetomium brevipilium, Chaetomium cuyabenoensis, Chaetomium homopilatum and species of Farrowia was inferred from the analysis of morphological characters, but this data set was found to be incongruent with the 28S sequence data. While these results are in agreement with the hypothesis that species of Farrowia comprise a group of closely related taxa, they do not provide strong support for the recognition of the genus Farrowia.Key words: anamorph, aleurioconidia, Botryotrichum, Chaetomium, 28S ribosomal RNA gene sequences.
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