O monitoramento ambiental é indispensável para o controle da degradação e manutenção da preservação, principalmente em áreas do bioma Caatinga. Assim, essa pesquisa objetiva identificar modificações temporais na Caatinga preservada por meio do índice de vegetação (NDVI). A área foco desse estudo é a Bacia Experimental de Aiuaba (12 km²), localizada no município de Aiuaba-Ceará na microrregião dos sertões dos Inhamuns totalmente preservada e localizada na Estação Ecológica de Aiuaba, sendo essa a maior unidade de conservação do bioma Caatinga. Os resultados dessa pesquisa permitem concluir que: i) a área, mesmo sob condições de preservação, apresenta modificações sazonais nos valores de NDVI; ii) há uma inter-relação entre a variação do NDVI e o período ano, sendo que as alterações são reflexo da área foliar da Caatinga e não da densidade da vegetação.
RESUMO: O monitoramento ambiental é indispensável para o controle da degradação e manutenção da preservação, principalmente em áreas do bioma Caatinga. Assim, essa pesquisa objetiva identificar modificações temporais na Caatinga preservada por meio do índice de vegetação (NDVI). A área foco desse estudo é a Bacia Experimental de Aiuaba (12 km²), totalmente preservada e localizada na Estação Ecológica de Aiuaba, sendo essa a maior unidade de conservação do bioma Caatinga. Os resultados dessa pesquisa permitem concluir que: i) a área, mesmo sob condições de preservação, apresenta modificações sazonais nos valores de NDVI; ii) há uma inter-relação entre a variação do NDVI e o período ano, sendo que as alterações são reflexo da área foliar da Caatinga e não da densidade da vegetação. Palavras-chave: Monitoramento, vegetação, SIG.
Information surveys about water resources availability present in a basin is essential for its multiple use planning. In this context, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the reservoirs area in a semi-arid hydrographic basin, comparing information obtained from spectral indices with data from the MapBiomas classification. The study was carried out in the contribution basin of the Chapéu reservoir, in the Brígida River Basin, Pernambuco State. To assess the area of water masses in the basin, data from the classification carried out by the MapBiomas project -collection 5, referring to the year 2019, were used. The NDWI and MNDWI indices were also applied to images from the Sentinel-2 Satellite, referring to the year 2019, to determine the areas of reservoirs in the basin. The information from the indexes was vectored to obtain the polygons of each reservoir and calculate their respective areas. The use of the NDWI and MNDWI spectral indices for the identification of water bodies provided similar areas for the Chapéu reservoir, the main reservoir in the study basin, approaching the volume values obtained with the local monitoring of the reservoir. The assessment of water masses in the basin based on spectral indices and the MapBiomas classification provided information on the masses with high spatial resolution, enabling the identification of bodies in the basin, and it could be used as a tool for monitoring water resources.
For a variety of agronomic reasons, landraces have strategic importance for cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. genetic breeding programs. The aim of the current research was to identify black aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch resistance in cowpea landraces. Twenty-three landraces from different regions of the state of Ceará, Brazil, were compared to four literature-cited standards: BRS Guariba and TVu 408 P2 (resistant); BR 17-Gurguéia and VITA 7 (susceptible). Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse located at Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, in Fortaleza, Ceará state, Brazil. A completely randomized block design was used, with six replicates, each composed of one plant in a 300 mL pot. Plants were individually infested with five six-day-old adult insects. Adults were subsequently evaluated two days after infestation and nymphs at four days. Six landraces were highly resistant (Um-named 1-DIP, Feijão de arrancada, Feijão moitinha, Feijão de moita, Cara preta and Roxim miúdo) to levels compatible to the BRS Guariba standard. Three other landraces (Feijão da Bahia, Cojó and Feijão da Consuelo Rocha) showed moderate resistance, similar to the TVu 408 P2 standard. In addition to the high genetic variability found in the landraces, antibiosis was the main resistance mechanism observed.
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