A list of the stink bugs (Pentatomidae) species of the Brazilian Amazon is provided for the first time, based on literature review and identification of the specimens of Pentatomidae deposited in the entomological collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG). Amazonian data base presented here has 324 species of Pentatomidae belonging to 102 genera, ten tribes and five subfamilies: Asopinae, Cyrtocorinae, Discocephalinae, Edessinae and Pentatominae. The Pentatominae has the largest number of species registered to Brazilian Amazon (144 species). The MPEG entomological collection has 122 species distributed in 53 genera, nine tribes and five subfamilies. Forty species from eight tribes and four subfamilies are recorded for the first time to Brazilian Amazon, including species from Podisus Herrich-Schäffer (Asopinae); Adoxoplatys Breddin, Macropygium Spinola, Neoadoxoplatys Kormilev, Ochlerus Spinola and Platycarenus Fieber (Discocephalinae); Edessa Fabricius (Edessinae); Arocera Spinola, Arvelius Spinola, Banasa Stål, Dichelops Spinola, Euschistus Dallas, Mormidea Amyot & Serville, Oebalus Stål, Pellaea Stål, Piezodorus Fieber, Proxys Spinola and Thyanta Stål (Pentatominae). Three of these species–Podisus maculiventris (Say, 1831) Neoadoxoplatys saileri Kormilev, 1956 and Edessa laticornis Stål, 1872—are new records to South America. The number of species of Pentatomidae to Brazilian Amazon represents approximately 50% of the species registered to Brazil. Such list of species is important to better understand the distributional range and diversity of the species of Pentatomidae in the Amazon region.
The caldaria group of Edessa is proposed to include four species: Edessa caldaria Distant, 1890, Edessa pantherina Bergroth,1891, Edessa rufomaculata sp. nov. and Edessa costaricensis sp. nov. Diagnoses, line drawings of the metasternal process,male and female external genitalia, digital habitus photographs and distributional maps are provided. This group can be identi-fied by rounded to ovate body shape, pattern of maculae on connexivum and stripes on ventral surface. The following syn-onyms are proposed: Edessa pacifica Breddin, 1903 = Edessa pantherina Bergroth, 1891. The lectotype of Edessa caldaria is designated.
The edessines from Costa Rica are little known; only 18 species have been registered or described from this country so far. Mainly based in a large sample from Instituto Nacional de Biodiverdidad (INBio), Costa Rica, we decided to update the information concerning Edessinae from Costa Rica. We present a list of species from Costa Rica raising the number of known species from Costa Rica to 65. We are also describing nine new species: Edessa bella Fernandes & Silva, E. bruneolineata Fernandes & Correia, E. curvata Fernandes & Nunes, E. lewisi Fernandes & Silva, E. nigroangulata Fernandes & Silva, E. osae Fernandes & Nunes, E. oxcarti Fernandes & Correia, E. pallidoangulata Fernandes & Nunes and E. puravida Fernandes & Correia. Species were described, illustrated and photographed. Distribution maps for the species are also provided.
Edessa is comprised of six subgenera, Aceratodes, Ascra, Dorypleura, Edessa, Hypoxys and Pygoda. Ascra is here elevated to genus status based on characteristics of the male and female genitalia and the gibbous pronotum. This genus is comprised of eight species previously placed in Edessa-E. bifida, E. cordifera, E. petersii, E. abdita, E. championi, E. privata, E. conspersa and E. morbosa, as well as six new species. The genus Ascra was further divided into two groups of species bifida and privata separated by a different pattern of punctuation on body and pygophore. Here we present only the bifida species group formed by A. bifida, A. cordifera, A. petersii, A. abdita, and A. championi, as well as two new species-A. vluteum and A. flavoscutellata. Lectotypes of Aceratodes sigillatus, Edessa abdita, E. championi, E. cornuta, E. densata and E. petersii are designated. Aceratodes sigillatus, Edessa cornuta, E. densata, E. picata, and E. florida are considered junior synonyms of A. bifida. Interestingly, some species of this genus are considered edible in Mexico.
The E. ovina group of species is proposed here to include Edessa ovina Dallas, 1851 from Trinidad and Tobago, Colombia, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina (new records) and Guyana; E. impura Bergroth, 1891 from Brazil and Argentina (new record); E. sahlbergii Stål, 1872 restricted to Brazil; and E. graziae sp. nov. from Brazil and Argentina. The E. ovina group can be identified by the apex of the second pair of wings narrowing distally and by a tumid area on the ventral surface of the pygophore (male genitalia) projected posteriorly. Descriptions, measurements, and illustrations of the metasternal process, external and internal genitalia of male and female are provided. A map with the distribution of the species is presented. The holotype of Edessa ovina is designated here. Edessa argali Breddin, 1903 is considered a junior synonym of E. impura. Females of E. ovina and E. impura, and male of E. sahlbergii are described for the first time.
In accordance with the rules in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the type species for the genus Edessa Fabricius, 1803 is now recognized to be Cimex antilope Fabricius, 1798 rather than the previously recognized Cimex cervus Fabricius, 1787. Edessa antilope is redescribed, as well as the following four species that have in the past been related or compared to E. antilope: E. arabs (Linnaeus, 1758) from French Guiana, Costa Rica and Panama (new record), E. helix Erichson, 1848 from Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Suriname (new record), Guyana, Brazil (new record), Bolivia (new record) and Argentina (new record), E. ibex Breddin, 1903 from Costa Rica, Panama (new record), Ecuador, Brazil (new record), Peru and Bolivia (new record), and E. taurina Stål, 1862 from Mexico, Guatemala, Belize (new record), Honduras (new record). The distribution of Edessa antilope is expanded to Venezuela. The female of E. antilope and the male of E. taurina are described for the first time. Edessa antilope is removed from the synonymy of E. arabs and reinstated as valid species; additionally, E. costalis Stål, 1872 is removed from the synonym of E. helix and is placed as a junior synonym of E. antilope. Edessa saiga Breddin, 1903 is considered a junior synonym of E. ibex. Lectotypes are designated for all species. A key is provided for the identification of the species.
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