Introduction. Originally described by Landry in 1859 and Guillain, Barré and Strohl in 1916, Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute neuromuscular paralysis selflimited in developed countries. The annual incidence of GBS is 1.5 per 100,000. Although it had a favorable prognosis (“maladie bénigne et spontanément curable”) it’s mortality rate is about 5% and 10% of patients remaining severely disabled one year after neurological onset. Specialist teams, intensive care and rehabilitation are essential for patient management and should be provided in appropriate hospital units. Objective. To guide the health professionals about the utilization of the physical and respiratory techniques in patients with GBS, as well as it’s indication. Method. Update of articles about GBS and Rehabilitation, on the last years of the data bases Bireme, ScienceDirect, PubMed and SciELO. Conclusion. There is currently no consensus on the management of these patients in the acute, sub-acute and chronic settings. Many of them are being discharged without access to rehabilitation services. Our results suggest that the rehabilitation makes a measurable and significant difference and should be available to all patients with GBS.
Introdução. A neurocisticercose (NCC) é a infecção parasitária mais comum do sistema nervoso central (SNC). Estima-se que cerca de 50 milhões de pessoas são infectadas nos países em desenvolvimento, sendo considerada endêmica principalmente na América Latina, na América Central, na Ásia e na África. Este artigo se propõe revisar os conhecimentos mais atuais da neurocisticercose, com enfoque para os principais achados clínicos e anatomopatológicos apresentados pelos pacientes, estudos em modelos animais, testes diagnósticos e a terapêutica medicamentosa implementada. Método. Trata-se de um estudo de atualização de literatura, quando foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados MedLine, Scielo, Lilacs e Pubmed, nos idiomas inglês e português. A maioria dos artigos relacionados foi publicada no período compreendido entre os anos de 2000 e 2008. Resultados. Muitos indivíduos com neurocisticercose são assintomáticos. Nos indivíduos sintomáticos, os achados clínicos são dependentes da localização, do tamanho e da quantidade de cistos, além do processo auto-imune relacionado à agressão do parasita ao SNC. Conclusão. O tratamento da neurocisticercose pode ser clínico ou cirúrgico e o prognóstico variável.
Introduction: Survivors of acute anterior poliomyelitis live with static neuromuscular sequelae of polio. In addition, some patients experience a syndrome of new or progressive disability, usually occurring decades after the disease itself. This syndrome, termed "post-polio syndrome" (PPS), has variable clinical manifestations.Case Report: We report the case of PPS in a 58-year-old patient, who after 55 years had paralytic poliomyelitis, developed new symptoms of fatigue, muscular atrophy, dyspnea, depression, difficulties in deambulation, muscular and joint pain. In addition, we use historical landmarks to compare and discuss the present case. Conclusion:Symptomatic relief and individualized rehabilitation strategies such as energy conservation and muscle strengthening exercise regimes are necessary. Despite a number of large clinical trials in PPS, no effective disease-modifying pharmacological treatments are currently available.
Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also called motor neuron disease (MND), is a progressive, neurodegenerative, and inexorable disease that affects the neurons of the anterior horn of the spinal cord, as well as the lateral funiculus. A rare variant of ALS was first described in 1918 by Patrikios and Marie, called the pseudopolyneuritic form or Marie-Patrikios disease. It is characterized by an initial manifestation with melting of the feet, distal weakness of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg, and absence of the Achilles tendon reflex. We present an atypical case of ALS, marked by polyneuropathy and involvement of upper and lower motor neurons. Case Report: A 70-year-old man reported that approximately four years ago he started having pain in the thoracic region with subsequent paresis in the lower limbs. Initially, compressive myelopathy, transverse myelitis, and spastic paraparesis of various causes were thought to be the cause. However, the non-impairment of the superficial and deep sensibility, obviously, with absence of sensorial level, associated to the absence of specific imaging findings in the thoracic and lumbar spine, a normal complete laboratory, ruled out such hypotheses. Conclusion: We highlight that the pseudopolyneuritic form presented in this study has a better prognosis and survival rate when compared to other subtypes of ALS. Thus, a detailed investigation including physical, neurological, and electrophysiological examination is essential to establish the diagnosis and increase the scarce knowledge about this condition.
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