The purpose was to advance research and clinical methodology for assessing psychopathology by testing the international generalizability of an 8-syndrome model derived from collateral ratings of adult behavioral, emotional, social, and thought problems. Collateral informants rated 8,582 18–59-year-old residents of 18 societies on the Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL). Confirmatory factor analyses tested the fit of the 8-syndrome model to ratings from each society. The primary model fit index (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) showed good model fit for all societies, while secondary indices (Tucker Lewis Index, Comparative Fit Index) showed acceptable to good fit for 17 societies. Factor loadings were robust across societies and items. Of the 5,007 estimated parameters, 4 (0.08%) were outside the admissible parameter space, but 95% confidence intervals included the admissible space, indicating that the 4 deviant parameters could be due to sampling fluctuations. The findings are consistent with previous evidence for the generalizability of the 8-syndrome model in self-ratings from 29 societies, and support the 8-syndrome model for operationalizing phenotypes of adult psychopathology from multi-informant ratings in diverse societies.
Our study included 30 pairs of siblings aged 12-18 years; one sibling with and one without conduct disorder in each pair. The aim of the study was to assess individual characteristics of those siblings, i.e. to determine differences in psychological characteristics of the siblings with regard to locus of control, stress coping strategies and frequency and structure of behavioral problems and emotions. The results suggested significant differences in individual characteristics of children with conduct disorder and their healthy siblings. These results mainly confirm previous results of foreign research on a sample of our population. Exception of findings was related to strategies for coping with stress: religious behavior that didn’t turn out as a protective factor and avoiding confrontation and withdrawal which are shown as a protective factor. These results suggest the importance of individual psychological characteristics for the occurrence of conduct disorders and have implications in therapy and in preventive work with adolescents
Background/Aim. Child abuse and neglect is a general problem all around the world. It may result in the physical, psychological and social dysfunction of the child and it may cause serious consequences in adult life. The main aim of the research was to examine the influence of child abuse/neglect on the development of emotional-behavioral difficulties and psychopathological characteristics in adolescents. Methods. 60 examinees of both genders aged from 12 to 18 years were divided into two groups (group of abused adolescents and control group). The general questionnaire, Questionnaire for Youth Self Report, and available medical documentation were used. The data were processed in JASP 0.8.5.1 by ANOVA. Results. 46.67% adolescents were neglected, 10% physically abused, 3.33% were emotionally abused, no adolescent was sexually abused, while 40% suffered several types of abuse. The abusers were usually both parents, their educational level is lower than the parents of the adolescents in control group. In the group of abused adolescents the average number of siblings, the percentage of divorced parents and the loss of one parent are higher than in the control group. In the group of abused adolescents somatic disturbances, delinquency and aggressive behavior (p<0.01) are more prominent compared to the adolescents of control group. Conclusion. Multiple and long-term consequences of childhood abuse that are manifested in adolescence point to the specific needs of abused adolescents for psychological and psychiatric support and treatment, in order to prevent and mitigate the consequences later in adulthood.
Due to rapidly evolving new technologies in the field of computers, internet and mobile telephony there is a consequently rapid change in the psychosociological relationships and way of communication. One of the revolutionary fields is a telemedicine with it subgroup telepsychiatry. Videoconferencing became adopted from the early 1990s in reaching the patients in need in remote areas with a service of telepsychiatry. With a higher level of implementation of this service, consequently rise the research and investigation of comparison of cost and effectiveness in treatment between in person psychiatric care and telepsychiatry. Global conclusion is that telepsychiatry is feasible and very effective in different population groups (child, adult and geriatric population) and clinical settings. Moreover, there is evidence that some patients actually prefer telepsychiatry to in-person treatments. There are new issues which are imposing as a consequence of the implementation of telepsychiatry as funding, reimbursement, incorporation in to the existing health system, cross-cultural aspects and medico-legal issues need for constant technological and methodological upgrading. Of the utmost importance is a need for the new higher quality efficacy studies, improving of the data security. Completely new field is a involving in this new psychiatric field of the low and middle income countries with resolving of the specific needs and problems they have in this field. Anyway, this is a rapidly developing and exciting new field of psychiatry and it is necessary to focus all the psychiatric community on it.
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