The article is devoted to one of the most important problems of modern power engineering is to improve the efficiency of fuel utilization, characterized by energy efficient motors. Traditional methods of improving energy efficiency are the use of secondary energy resources (heat) of the exhaust gas of engines and heat transfer for their cooling systems. The article presents the results of calculations of power efficiency of utilization of the turbine, working under direct Rankine cycle using different coolants. The basic reserve of increase of power efficiency of thermal engines is the rational use of secondary energy resources.To assess the prospects of using secondary energy resources heat transfer fluids (coolants) cooling systems the calculation of the heat pump, working on the reverse Rankine cycle. Based on the results of the calculations in the article the conclusion about the prospects of using these devices, including the replacement of Autonomous boilers in ship power plants. The article also contains proposals for use of alternative types of secondary energy resources, such as the mechanical energy of a fuel and its gladatorial. The article shows that the use of these energy resources seems to be promising when using gas fuel. This research is relevant in connection with active introduction of gas and gas-diesel engines in various sectors of energy and transport. The data obtained in the result of the research show that the use of secondary energy resources heat engines using the utilization of turbines and heat pumps of modern design is promising and allows to increase the rate of fuel consumption of piston and gas turbine engines. When using gaseous fuels have the additional possibility of using secondary energy resources.
One of the perspective directions of improving diesels used as the main and auxiliary engines in the ship power plants composition is increasing the temperature level providing heat losses reduction, increase of engines thermal efficiency and their fuel economy. To implement this direction, many modern diesels are equipped with hightemperature cooling systems. Increasing the coolant temperature in such systems is accompanied by increasing the pressure in the cooling systems. Increasing pressure in the cooling systems leads to increasing the power consumption required to drive the circulation pump of the internal circuit of the diesel cooling system. The research purpose is a comparative assessment of the thermal-hydraulic efficiency of high-temperature and low-temperature cooling. As an evaluation criterion, the ratio of heat withdrawn through the cooling system and the power consumption for pumping the coolant, which provides this heat removal, is used. To determine this ratio, both known analytical dependencies and the results of numerical simulation of heat transfer processes in a cylindrical channel are used during the research. The use of both research methods allows us to obtain consistent results. Based on the conducted research results, it can be concluded that despite increasing the power costs for the circulation pump drive, the transition to high-temperature cooling provides an increase of the thermal-hydraulic efficiency of the ship diesel cooling systems. The most significant increasing the thermal-hydraulic efficiency of high-temperature cooling systems is possible when using water-water heat exchangers that provide the maximum permissible temperature difference of the coolant at the engine outlet and inlet.
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