The analyse of the changes that have occurred in the population of Gjirokastra District by settlement clearly identified that the migration of the population from the village otherwise known the phenomenon of "rural exodus" is the strongest mechanism that presupposes the "industrial revolution" of nowadays. The demographic consequences of this phenomenon appear in urban population growth and reduce of rural one. In the condition of a low natural growth the source of population growth in cities, is because of the migration of population from the village to urban location, despite of the dinamic of urban settlements. The growth of urban population it will be much higher if it was not the international migration. The statistics in used help to analyze just the migratory movements from the rural area to urban lacation
During the transition period, the population in Fier region is characterized by dynamics (by the change and the movement). First of all, this dynamic has been followed by the dynamic of the total economic -social -political processes, and changes in some stages and regional specifications too. According to statistics, the population of the county after 1990 there was a decrease of about 1.3 times less than before. This situation, has two reasons: the decline of natural increase (reduced by over 3 times), and the impact of migration from the county to the capital city of Albania and to abroad. The greatest impact is because of the reduce of the natural growth has been the decline of the birth rate coefficient from 14.5 ‰ to 10.1 ‰ (2001) and 24.3 ‰ (1989). The evolution of the population in this county presents differences in spatial terms: according settlements city -village, district and municipalities. The phenomenon that is observed by urban-rural settlements is that the growth of urban population is more than its natural growth and for the village has been the reverse. The changes identified in the density of the county population. The average population density has fallen to 163 h/km² of 202 h/km² (1989). Population in this county is older than 22 years ago. The population over 65 years is 12.1% from 7.1% in 2001, and the reduction of the new age (1-15 years old), is greater than the increase of population over 65 years old. KEY WORDS:Average annual growth, rate of birth, natural growth, mechanical change, migration INTRODUCTIONAfter the year 1990, population in the Fier county underwent a lot of changes which affected its quantitative and qualitative indicators. This article focuses on the analysis and highlighting of changes and tendencies noticed in the quantitative dimension (the general number of population in the county), under the influence of new socio-economic and political circumtances, which affected the Albanian society, at the end of 1980. The Fier county comprises three districts: Fier (the county seat), Lushnje and Mallakaster.
The family, its evolution, has a direct impact on the reproductive potential of the population. For this reason its study is necessary. Possibilities or impossibilities for employment, income levels, economical structure and the development, education level, the level of urbanization, gender and age composition of the population the birth rate, family planning, mortality general and specific, emigration, the force of tradition, etc., are the main factors have determined the sociogeographical characteristic features of Albanian society, during the transition political, economic and demographic period in Albania.The substitution of the centrally planned socialist economy with the free market. Economic crisis at the beginning of 1990. The increase of the unemployment. The reduction of income. The family planning policy. The flow of rural population to the cities. The abandonment of the villages. The emigration, The aging demographic The change of gender ratio (because of male emigration). The traditional psychology, The economic insecurity.These are the main factors that brought evident change in the Albanian family performance and characteristics, marriage, divorce rate and civil structure of the population too, in the south of Albania. This region is distinguished for a clear profile emigration, because of the positioning of the neighboring country, Greece, and the presence of the Greek minority. Decrease or reduction of the total number of the families, marriages too, after 1990 in this area, has been analyzed under the influence of economical changes, which have an important impact on the creation of new families. Meanwhile, the index of divorce rate per 1000 inhabitants is increased, compared with 1989.
The evolution of the Albanian family, has had a direct impact not only on the reproductive potential of the population. For this reason its study is necessary. The situation of employment (possibilities or impossibilities for employment), income levels, economical structure and the development, education level, the level of urbanization, gender and age composition of the population the birth rate, family planning, mortality general and specific, emigration, the force of tradition, etc., are the main factors that have determined the socio-geographical characteristic features of Albanian society, during the transition political, economic and demographic period in Albania. -The substitution of the centrally planned socialist economy with the free market. -Economic crisis at the beginning of 1990. -The increase of the unemployment. -The reduction of income. -The family planning policy. -The flow of rural population to the cities. -The abandonment of the villages. -The emigration, -The aging demographic -The change of gender ratio (because of male emigration). -The traditional psychology, -The economic insecurity. These are the main factors that brought evident change in the Albanian family performance and characteristics, marriage, divorce rate and civil structure of the population too, in the south of Albania. This region is distinguished too for a clear profile emigration, because of the positioning of the neighboring country, Greece, and the presence of the Greek minority. The reduction of the total number of the families, marriages too, after 1990 in this area, has been analyzed under the influence of economical changes, which have been an important impact on the creation of new families; meanwhile, the index of divorce rate per 1000 inhabitants is increased, compared to 1989. At the end the Albanian families' trend will depend on the performance of economic, social and demographic development in Albania.
In Albania, after the year of 1990 (referred to as the transition), the society is facing with the new social phenomena in shape, but especially in the content. Such phenomena (by different researchers), are also observed in countries that have been in the same socio-economic system as our country (Eastern Europe). The emigration seems clear becomes determinant component of demographic regime in Albania country, because of political instability, economic and social difficulty, high level of unemployment, opening of the country with the world etc. This situation provoked and stimulated a great movement in our population in the 1990s. The study of the emigration dynamic has been very intensive in this part of east Europe. The international migration (especially to Greece), is one of the main impact factor to all socio demo-economic evolution in Gjirokastra region. This research is focused on statistical evidences and analyses of the international migration from Gjirokastra region, after 1990: factors, dimensions, directions, motifs and typology of migrations (causes, distances, individual or familiar, etc.), consequences etc. International migration has been an illegal phenomenon, especially at the beginning. For a better evidence of this phenomena, it is seen and taken under researches and analyses in three dimensions: time (periods of time) and in space that is a more complex in form and content (seen according to communes and villages) and structural of the population (age, gender, ethnic group, education level and settlement). The research will be accompanied by some conclusions and suggestions, at the end. This region has been characterized by a deficit populating evolution, first of all, because of the migration phenomena.
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