Diabetes is one of the major risk factors for Alzheimer’s
disease (AD) development. The role of elevated levels of glucose,
methylglyoxal (MGO), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in
the pathogenesis of AD is not well understood. In this pursuit, we
studied the role of methylglyoxal in the pathogenesis of AD in rat
models. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) behavioral study indicated that
MGO induces anxiety. Treatment of telmisartan (RAGE expression inhibitor)
and aminoguanidine (MGO quencher) attenuated MGO induced anxiety.
Further, hippocampal proteomics demonstrated that MGO treated rats
differentially regulate proteins involved in calcium homeostasis,
mitochondrial functioning, and apoptosis, which may affect neurotransmission
and neuronal plasticity. The hippocampal tau phosphorylation level
was increased in MGO treated rats, which was reduced in the presence
of aminoguanidine and telmisartan. The plasma fructosamine level was
increased upon MGO treatment. Hippocampal histochemistry showed vascular
degeneration and neuronal loss upon MGO treatment. This study provides
mechanistic insight into the role of MGO in the diabetes-associated
development of AD.
Abstract. Polycystic Ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a major cause of infertility in females ofreproducing age and is typified by oligo-anovulation, hyperandrogenism, hirsutism and polycystic ovaries. FSHR gene located on chromosome 2 p21 is responsible for the normal follicular development and any deletion or mutation in the gene affects the interaction of FSH with its receptor. Thus, it becomes the candidate gene for PCOS study. Inactivating mutation in FSHR gene limits the receptor's function by creating a complete block, changing the receptor-ligand complex or the basic hormone signal transduction.To screen the inactivating mutations in Exon 6 and Exon 10E of FSHR gene in women diagnosed with PCOS.PCR-RFLP analysis indicated that there were no inactivating mutations found in Exon 6 and Exon 10E. Variations in hormone levels were seen amongst the PCOS patients. There were no inactivating mutations found in FSHR gene of the women diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria in Vellore population.
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