This work details the outbreak and factors affecting the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in the Indian state of Maharashtra, which is considered as one of the most massive and deadly pandemic outbreaks. Observational data collected between 14 March 2020 and 4 May 2020 is statistically analyzed to determine the nonlinear behaviour of the epidemic. It is followed by validating predicted results with real-time data. Proposed model is further used to obtain statistical summaries in which Grubbs tests for outlier detection have justified high values of evaluation metrics. Outliers are found to be pilot elements in an outbreak under considered region. Statistically, a significant correlation has been observed between dependent and explanatory variables. Transmission pattern of this virus is very much different from the SARS-CoV-1 virus. Key findings of this work will be predominant in maintaining environment conditions at healthcare facilities to reduce transmission rates at these most vulnerable places.
KEY WORDS-: SARS-CoV-1; COVID-19, Humidity, Polynomial, Temperature, Confirmed cases; Tests; Maharashtra.
This paper presents rate dependent uniaxial tensile behaviour and relaxation response of high strength acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with moderate carbon black content. The rate dependent uniaxial tensile response is investigated for large deformations over moderate range of elongation rates (50-500 mm min −1 ). Effects of elongation rate on the overall deformation behaviour in terms of stress-strain response, total elongation at break as well as on the breaking stress of the material are investigated. Experimental results revealed that the material behaviour, including elongation at break and breaking stress, is rate dependent. Relaxation behaviour over a temperature range of 30-90 • C, investigated using uniaxial compression experiments, shows drop of stress over the duration of the tests. Additionally, a generic rate dependent hyperviscoelastic model to predict the rate dependent response of the material and simulations of the relaxation tests are presented. Single-step stress relaxation tests from an inbuilt experimental setup and tensile response obtained from test conducted at 200 mm/min elongation rate were used in calibration. The numerical results obtained are seen to be in good agreement with the experimental observations for the range of deformation rate and temperature considered in the uniaxial tensile and relaxation tests, respectively.
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