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OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of otoacustic emission (OAE) test in newborns comparing with auditory brain stem response (ABR) in the age of 3 months and 6 month to analyzed the incidence of hearing loss in newborn. METHOD: A prospective study was conducted between October 2012-October 2014 in Govt. Medical College, Haldwani. 500 newborns were assessed. First, all of neonates were evaluated by OAE in 24hrs after birth. If responses of OAE were failing, they were retested in 3 month after birth by OAE. Also, All Neonates were assessed by ABR in the age of 3month and 6 months. Descriptive Statistics was used to analyze data. FINDINGS: The incidence of permanent congenital hearing loss according to diagnostic testing, Five out of hundred newborn with risk factors (5%). And in well nursing baby it display 0.5% which is 10 times less than high risk population. In our study Otoacoustic emission screening was conducted for 400 normal babies on day 1 after birth in most case, 250 babies (62%) passed the first screening test. 150 babies (38%) referred in both the ears. second test were screened again within a period of three month. The second OAE testing was conducted in all 400 babies. 398 babies (99.5%) passed the second OAE screening, and 2 baby (0.5%) failed the second OAE test. Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometery was done at 3 month and 6month showing 2 impaired, 398 normal. In our study Otoacoustic emission screening was conducted for 100 high risk babies on day 1 after birth, 55 babies (55%) passed the first screening test. 45 babies (45%) referred in both the ears. second test were screened again within a period of three month. The second OAE testing was conducted in all 100 babies.92 babies (92%) passed the second OAE screening, and 8 baby (8%) failed the second OAE test. Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometery was done at 3mt and 6mt showing 9 impaired 91normal.In 9 impaired 2 showing normal hearing on FFA and one showing conductive HL on tympanometry. In our study sensitivity & specificity of OAE 70% and 61% at 0 month and 70% and 99% at 3 month and BERA sensitivity and specificity at 3 month 90% and 99% and at 6 month 100% and 99%.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a merocel technique with conventional nasal packing, in the classic septuplasty operation. The study is a prospective, randomized clinical trial. 60 patients underwent septuplasty for septal deviation and ensuing nasal obstruction. These patients were divided into two groups: conventional gauze packing and merocel packing. Randomization was performed using the two block randomization system. Patients who failed the regular follow-up were excluded, and the two groups were compared for postoperative bleeding, pain, hematoma, and adhesions. Patients were asked to record pain levels using a visual analogue scale. The authors found significant statistical differences between the two groups in the parameters studied, but significantly higher pain levels, Adhesions and withdrawal bleeding were noted in the patients in the gauze packing group. The final results confirmed that patients who underwent septuplasty with merocel packing had more smooth post-op recovery with less complication then conventional gauze packing.

AIM: To study the status of ear, nose and throat in the patients diagnosed with the CoViD-19.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a perspective study in patients admitted in the isolation wards of Dr. Sushila Tiwari Hospital Haldwani between March 2020 and July 2020. There were 465 symptomatic patients out of total 727 patients diagnosed with CoViD-19 .RESULT: Since the CoViD-19 pandemic has begun, many individuals have noted many ENT manifestations along with the other general symptoms like fever(395 pt)>cough (326 pt) >weakness/fatigue (190 pt ) >difficulty in breathing (89 pt ) >muscle ache (58 pt ) >headache (56 pt) & diarrhoea (24 pt). Among ENT manifestations throat symptoms were found most common including loss of taste in 74 pt. It was noticed that most commonly sweet and salt goes first then sour taste vanish and bitter and chilli taste goes in the end, most of them were reversible after 2-3 weeks. Among nasal symptoms nasal congestion was found most common (72 pt) followed by loss of smell (88 pt), nasal blockage (66 pt) & runny nose (47 pt). loss of smell was also reversible in most of the cases after 2-3 weeks. Ear symptoms were not so commonly found. Although itching in bilateral ear, sensation of ear fullness, ear ache and conductive hearing loss were complained by some patients.CONCLUSION: This study represents the initial findings of all individuals with ENT manifestations along with the chemosensory loss in the symptomatic confirmed covid-19 patients. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, changes in smell or taste are not being considered indicative of possible COVID-19 infection—especially in the absence of other high-suspicion symptoms.

The auditory sensitivity of 63 patient of chronic renal failure on hemodialysis was assessed in order to know the effect of dialysis on hearing threshold. All selected patient were non diabetic with normal tympanic membrane and with no history of ototoxic drug and any hereditary hearing problems. Pure tone audiometry was done before and after dialysis and all cases were followed for 3 month. A high incidence of high frequency sensorineural hearing loss was obtained which could not be attributed to age, noise exposure and ottotoxicity. An association between high frequency sensorineural hearing loss and hemodialysis is thus suggested.