a b s t r a c tTungsten loaded and Zr incorporated SBA-15 catalysts (WO 3 /Zr-SBA-15 and Zr-SBA-15) were developed for esterification of cetyl alcohol and palmitic acid. The influence of the Zr content, tungsten loading amount, calcination temperature, feed composition and catalyst amount has been studied. Higher tungsten loading decreased the acidity due to formation of WO 3 crystals whereas calcination temperature enhanced the acidity by favoring the dispersion of WO x species. Activities of the catalyst changed depending on their amount of Brønsted sites and total number of acid sites. Zr-SBA-15 catalyst which had the highest amount of Brønsted acid sites gave maximum cetyl palmitate yield (63.1%). This catalyst retained its activity up to 3 reuse cycles without significant loss of activity.
This study is focused on the development of solid acid catalysts for the synthesis of long chain fatty acids. A series of WO 3 -ZrO 2 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and tested in the synthesis of cetyl palmitate. The effect of WO 3 loading (10, 15, and 20 wt% WO 3 ) and calcination temperature (700 and 800 °C) on the catalyst properties and activity was investigated. XRD and Raman analysis confirmed that WO 3 loading stabilized the tetragonal zirconia phase. Higher calcination temperature enhanced the acidities of the catalysts. WO 3 -ZrO 2 catalysts were found to be very efficient for the synthesis of cetyl palmitate with high selectivity. These catalysts were tested for different reaction temperatures (135 and 162 °C), feed composition and catalyst amounts. The highest cetyl palmitate yield (98.4%) was obtained over the catalyst calcined at 800 °C with 15 wt% WO 3 , which had the highest total acidity. The catalysts preserved their activities up to three reuse.
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