Background: Nursing education institutions are required to select and train applicants who have appropriate characteristics for delivering effective healthcare. Unlike other healthcare professions and despite the need to attract and select a competent workforce, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the selection criteria and methods used to recruit nursing students. As there is relatively limited prior research available, we conducted a scoping review to explore and synthesise the existing evidence regarding admission criteria and selection methods of nursing students and for the purpose of identifying an agenda for future research in this field.Methods: Our scoping review follows the Arksey and O’Malley five-step proposition including identifying the research question and relevant studies, study selection, tabulation of data, and summarizing and reporting the results. Seven databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, ERIC, SID, Irandoc and PsycINFO) were searched systematically using relevant keywords. Articles on admission of undergraduate nursing students published in both English and/or Persian from 2006 to 2019 were retrieved.Results: Existing research evidence suggests that nursing students are largely selected on the basis of two criteria - “cognitive-academic abilities” and “non-cognitive abilities.” Cognitive-academic abilities were assessed in four main dimensions of mathematics, language and communication, natural sciences and reasoning skills mainly through standardized tests and academic records. Our review shows a wide range of non-cognitive characteristics are evaluated in nursing applicants including: morality, interpersonal communication skills and psychological strength. The selection method most commonly used to assess characteristics was through interviews (panel interviews or multiple mini interviews). Other methods included references, personal statements and personality assessment tools. Conclusions: This is the first scoping review of literature regarding nursing education selection and recruitment. Results can be used to inform nursing education policymakers and institutions in the design of their selection practices. Future research should concentrate on the evaluation and improvement methods of student selection including content and predictive validity analysis of multiple mini interview and standardized tests, development of cost-effective selection methods and job analysis studies to identify specific non-cognitive characteristics for nursing.
Objective: The Nursing Talent Identification self-report Scale is a recently developed to assess the fit of nursing applicants’ characteristics for the profession. In such scales, respondents may perceive items in a variety of ways.The present study aimed to determine how respondents understand and answer to items through cognitive interviews to assess the user-friendliness of the scale and increase its face validity.Results: Through conducting 20 interviews with the participants, problems related to item comprehension, information retrieval, judgment and reporting appropriate answers were identified. Based on the results, out of 95 items, 20 items were modified. The ‘instructions’ section of the scale was also revised by making the necessary explanations and providing an example.
Background: Adverse attitudes and insufficient knowledge about organ donation after cardiac death among emergency staffs can have important consequences for the proper identification of potential donors, constant application of donation after cardiac death policies, and the relative strength of support for this type of donation. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the awareness and attitude of emergency personnel about organ donation after cardiac death.Methods: This descriptive study was carried out with the participation of 49 physicians and 145 nurses working in the emergency departments of educational and medical centers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Nurses were selected by simple random sampling, and all physicians working in the emergency departments were included in the study. The questionnaire of Knowledge and Attitude regarding Organ Donation after Cardiac Death designed by Rodrigue et al. was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and chi-square test.Results: Most of the nurses (62.8%) and physicians (66.7%) had high level of knowledge about organ donation after cardiac death. The mean attitude score was 101.84 (SD: 9.88) out of 170 for nurses and 106.53 (SD: 11.77) for physicians. Physicians who had organ donation card had a more positive attitude toward organ donation after cardiac death.Conclusion: According to this study findings, knowledge and attitude of the emergency staffs about organ donation was high and positive. It is recommended to devise necessary guidelines for organ donation in Iranian emergency departments to help the personnel for introducing qualified people for organ donation or taking the necessary measures.
Background:Awaiting organ transplantation can be stressful, and pretransplant candidates’ religious and cultural beliefs can influence how they adapt to the stress. While little is known about the effect religious and cultural beliefs have on the pretransplant waiting period, virtually nothing is known regarding whether and how Shia Muslim patients’ religious and cultural beliefs facilitate more positive patient outcomes while they await transplantation. Therefore, it is important for nurses and other health care providers to understand transplant candidates’ experiences dealing with the stressors that present themselves during the pretransplant waiting period, especially how their religious and cultural beliefs affect their adaptation to the stressors.Aim:The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of Shia Muslim organ transplant candidates regarding how their religious and cultural beliefs affect their adaptation to the pretransplant waiting period.Sample:A purposeful sample of 11 Shia Muslim organ transplant candidates who were on an organ transplant waiting list in Iran (kidney, n = 4; heart, n = 4; liver, n = 3) was recruited.Method:A qualitative research design using the hermeneutical phenomenological approach was utilized in this study. In-depth unstructured interviews were conducted by one of the authors (ZS) in different locations across Iran.Results:Data analysis led to the development of six themes: “the misty road of organ transplantation,” “to accede to organ transplantation despite religious conflict,” “one step away from death,” “the master key of liberation,” “fear of the unknown,” and “reliance on God.”Nursing Implications:The findings of this study will help nurses understand the religious and cultural meaning associated with stressors experienced by Shia Muslim patients awaiting organ transplant. This information can assist nurses to develop plans of care that include patient-specific interventions that take into consideration the patients’ religious and cultural beliefs.Conclusion:Shia Muslim patients awaiting organ transplantation experience feelings that are often in conflict with their religious and cultural beliefs. However, the patients’ reliance on God during the pretransplant waiting period facilitated healthier attitudes regarding transplantation.
Introduction: Nowadays, simulation in nursing education is a constant component in preparing and improving the clinical performance of nurses and is part of the curriculum of most undergraduate nursing programs. The aim of this study was to design a curriculum model based on simulation in nursing education through synthesis research method. Methods:This qualitative research with aim of identifying components of curriculum based on simulation using directed content analysis method has been done The inclusion criteria for this study included all valid scientific research related to the subject between 2007 and 2021. By regular searches in the databases of PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Eric, Springer, CINAHL, 230 identified studies and 80 studies for the final review was selected. The researcher-made worksheet form was used to collect, record and report the initial research information. Findings were analyzed using the seven-stage qualitative content analysis. To ensure the coding method, two evaluators were used to re-codify the findings and to confirm the reliability of the Cohen Kappa coefficient formula was used. In this study, the agreement between the evaluators was 0. 81 or 81%. Results: Based on the results, the logic of this curriculum includes increasing critical thinking, increasing self-esteem, increasing competence, increasing team, and group cooperation, increasing self-efficacy, increasing patient safety, and its goals include creating basic knowledge, acquiring diagnostic skills, assistance Transferring learning, reducing the gap between clinical environments and theory classes, helps to increase the attractiveness of education, which can be achieved through methods such as roleplaying, collaborative learning, problem-based learning, and so on. Conclusion:The results showed that the simulation-based curriculum could fill the gap between theory and practice in nursing education.
Introduction: Tools to accurately assess clinical skills are required to ensure nursing students meet minimum standards and to ensure nursing graduates can safely undertake their professional roles. Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) are frequently used to undertake such assessment.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the OSCE from the viewpoint of key stakeholders; including nursing faculty staff and students.Methods: This study used a cross sectional quantitative descriptive (survey) design. It was conducted on a convenience sample composed of two groups. Group One included a sample of 55 undergraduate nursing students and Group Two included 12 nursing faculty staff from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. It applied two previously validated surveys. Results:The findings showed nursing students had a positive attitude towards the OSCE and evaluated its existence in the nursing curriculum as useful. Faculty staff also had a positive attitude towards the inclusion of this exam in the curriculum and emphasized its importance and necessity. Staff, however, emphasized the necessity of careful implementation of this exam and associated preparation of students for this mode of assessment. Conclusion:This study supports the use of OSCE as a method of competence assessment of undergraduate nursing students that meets the needs of key stakeholders including faculty staff and students.
Background: Nursing education institutions are required to select and train applicants who have appropriate characteristics for delivering effective healthcare. Unlike other healthcare professions and despite the need to attract and select a competent workforce, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the selection criteria and methods used to recruit nursing students. As there is relatively limited prior research available, we conducted a scoping review to explore and synthesise the existing evidence regarding admission criteria and selection methods of nursing students and for the purpose of identifying an agenda for future research in this field.Methods: Our scoping review follows the Arksey and O’Malley five-step proposition including identifying the research question and relevant studies, study selection, tabulation of data, and summarizing and reporting the results. Seven databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, ERIC, SID, Irandoc and PsycINFO) were searched systematically using relevant keywords. Articles on admission of undergraduate nursing students published in both English and/or Persian from 2006 to 2019 were retrieved.Results: Existing research evidence suggests that nursing students are largely selected on the basis of two criteria - “cognitive-academic abilities” and “non-cognitive abilities.” Cognitive-academic abilities were assessed in four main dimensions of mathematics, language, natural sciences and reasoning skills mainly through standardized tests and academic records. Our review shows a wide range of non-cognitive characteristics are evaluated in nursing applicants including: morality, interpersonal communication skills and psychological strength. The selection method most commonly used to assess characteristics was through interviews (panel interviews or multiple mini interviews). Other methods included references, personal statements and personality assessment tools. Conclusions: This is the first scoping review of literature regarding nursing education selection and recruitment. Results can be used to inform nursing education policymakers and institutions in the design of their selection practices. Future research should concentrate on the evaluation and improvement methods of student selection including content and predictive validity analysis of multiple mini interview and standardized tests, development of cost-effective selection methods and job analysis studies to identify specific non-cognitive characteristics for nursing.
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