Abstract. The digital transformation of business activity is characterized by diffusion of innovative technologies, integration of physical and digital systems. The unprecedented digital revolution has substantially transformed forms of business activity and has given auxiliary options for implementation of new business ideas laying the groundwork for investment climate. The new forms of business activity have different propagation dynamics and they generate in most cases quite different patterns of growth and evolution. The innovative tools and operating models of business activity have got a significant effect on geography and size of prospective market, competitive environment and speed of goods substitution. Changes in global economics in the last ten years have shown that technology companies are the leaders by rates of growth and market capitalization. At the same time, their digital products and developments are key factors in the dynamic development of traditional industries of their economics. The processes of forming and development of business (entrepreneurial) initiative under conditions of introduction of digital economics' elements in different spheres of socioeconomic interaction have been covered in the article.The perception of the concept of "entrepreneur" was largely influenced by the level of development of society and the technological setup. If in the 18-19 centuries, first of all, in the definition of entrepreneurship, the resources used (land, labor and capital) were reflected, then with the development of science and society the role of innovations and the entrepreneur's personality becomes more important. Systematization of theoretical approaches for business activity research achieved on the bases of chronological approach has a descriptive character and therefore doesn't give expected results in case of its application. The systematization based on peculiar properties of methodological approach of different economic schools is more fruitful. The given criterion enables selecting two groups of business activity concepts: a The article was prepared as part of the work on the grant of the President of the Russian Federation
The article deals with current issues related to the theory and practice of ensuring Russia’s economic security at the federal and regional levels from the point of view of risk assessment caused by globalization. The work aims to systematize threats to the country’s economic security from the perspective of the nature of relations between business entities and government authorities in the context of globalization processes. The author’s approach to characterizing the risks caused by both excessive and insufficient administrative impact on the activities of transnational and other large companies is presented, the negative consequences of both processes for the country as a whole and for its individual regions are considered. Special attention is paid to the anti-corruption component of ensuring economic security as a prerequisite for effective interaction between government departments and business groups.
Digital transformation of railway transport management systems opens new opportunities allowing to improve efficiency of rail shipments being one of the main modes of transportation for various industries and for passenger transportation as well. Practical implementation of dynamic energy management principles is one of the most important directions of transport sphere digital transformation. This article is addressing the procedure of railway transport energy management within targeted time frame on the basis of developed algorithms and models which may be used as a keystone for implementation of digital tools for power supply systems management. The paper is proposing to evaluate efficiency of controlling actions from the viewpoint of (i) aggregate damage minimization by means of mathematical modeling of forecasting processes and (ii) damage assessment in the entire time interval. As a result, criteria of prediction accuracy and basic parameters influence thereon have been defined. The paper describes methods to select facilities for energy management and derives mathematical models enabling the researcher to fairly disclose specific features of electrical power consumption on railway transport on the basis of implementation of energy management digital algorithms.
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