The shell-in-shell system used in the mortar simulator raises a number of non-standard technical and computational problems starting from the requirement to distribute the propelling blast energy between the warhead and the ballistic barrel, finishing with the requirement that the length of warhead's flight path must be scaled to combat shell firing tables. The design problem of the simulator is split into two parts – the problem of external ballistics where the initial velocities of the warhead must be determined, and the problem of internal ballistics – where the design of the cartridge and the ballistic barrel must be performed.
One of the most important measures to reduce the cost of preparing mortar units is the use of mortar shooting trainers operating according to the 'shell in shell' principle that best meets the needs of military forces. When increasing the efficiency of using equipment for mortar shooting training and seeking to reduce their production costs, further research on external ballistics is strictly necessary in order to improve the structural parameters of mine imitators. With the help of finite element modelling techniques, this article investigates air flow over mortar mine imitators. In order to achieve the aim, a package of Mechanical Desktop Software was used for creating a dimensional model of mine imitator the model of which was imported into ANSYS CFX and a finite element numerical model was generated. Considering the literary sources of experimental studies, SST turbulence model generating the results closest to those of experimental research was selected. After modelling, air drag force influencing mine imitator and the drag coefficient at different air flow speed were established.
Based on the solutions of an external ballistics task, tables are made for firearms and tables or computer control programs for heavy weapons. If you shoot in a mountainous area where the height difference between gunner and target can be about a hundred meters, defined skills for firing are necessary. We can make specific tables of firing with firearms in mountainous areas. Mortars are relatively simple and inexpensive weapons, and therefore their management has never been computerised. We have shown that this deficiency can be corrected. The programs described above calculate the required parameters very quickly.
Santrauka
Remiantis išorinės balistikos uždavinio sprendimais, šaulių ginklams sudaromos lentelės, o sunkiesiems ginklams – lentelės arba kompiuterinės valdymo programos. Jeigu šaudoma kalnuotoje vietovėje, kur aukščių skirtumas tarp šaulio ir taikinio siekia net šimtą metrų, reikia konkrečių įgūdžių. Galima sudaryti specifines šaudymo šaulių ginklais kalnuose lenteles. Minosvaidis yra santykinai paprastas ginklas, todėl jo valdymas nebūna kompiuterizuotas. Parodyta, kad šį trūkumą galima pataisyti. Aprašytos programos per kelias dešimtis sekundžių suskaičiuoja reikiamus parametrus.
Dynamic processes of the armored personnel carrier M113 are investigated in this paper. The model of the system is reduced to seven degrees of freedom (DOF). Six schemes of different integrations were investigated; it was determined that integration schemes with variable time steps allow to reduce calculation time within the applicable range of the calculation error. The weapon's impact on the dynamic processes of the vehicle is investigated on the uneven terrain. The influence of the standard weaponry on the oscillation peculiarities of the M113 when the vehicle is standing still, moves on the uneven terrain is analyzed. Also, possibilities to use 30 mm cannon on the carrier M113 are examined.
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