The effects of selected factors, wood species (Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies L.), type of joint (haunched mortise and tenon, and haunched dovetail mortise and tenon), tenon thickness (one-third and half-joint thickness), type of adhesive (polyvinyl acetate and polyurethane adhesive), loading type (compressive and tensile), and direction of the annual rings were evaluated relative to the elastic stiffness. The testing samples were loaded by bending moment with tensile and compressive forces in the angular plane. The wood species, type of joint, tenon dimension, and type of adhesive all had a statistically significant effect on the elastic stiffness. However, the interaction of those factors was statistically insignificant. The loading type and direction of the annual rings did not have a significant effect on the elastic stiffness. For spruce, the use of mortise and tenon with a toothed feather (MTTF) was found to be disadvantageous, whereas the use of a toothed feather was favorable for beech. Half thickness of the joint was always an advantage, such that the stiffness increased. For spruce joints, the type of glue was not important, whereas for beech, the stiffness of joints glued with PVAc was significantly higher than with PUR adhesive.

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This study focuses on changing wood's bending properties using several types of adhesives. The strength, flexibility, and durability (service life) of laminated wood, glued with four types of adhesives, were examined. The results were compared with solid beech wood, conditioned to 9% moisture content. Depending on the adhesive used, the results indicate that laminated (layered) wood improved the strength and bending characteristics in comparison to the intact wood. Gained knowledge about materials properties have practical applications in the area of dynamic stress (e.g., as components of vibrating machinery mechanisms or in constructing beds, chairs, and sports equipment).

This article is aimed at verifying the influence of selected factors (wood species, lamella combination, type of adhesive, number of loading cycles) on the deflection at the proportionality limit Y E , deflection at the point of rupture Y MOR , and the ratio between the deflection at the proportionality limit and the deflection at the point of rupture Y E :Y MOR . All of the monitored characteristics were evaluated on test specimens made from lamellas of beechwood (Fagus sylvatica L.) and aspen wood (Populus tremula L.). The laminated wood consisted of a combination of lamellas that were nondensified and densified to 10% and 20% of their original thickness. Two types of adhesives were used for the research: polyvinyl acetate (PVA) glue and polyurethane (PUR) glue. The results create a database of information that can be used in developing materials with specified properties for its intended use.

Furniture must be designed to suit the intended use. Producers need to guarantee its quality and stiffness. During external loading, there are internal forces that can be transmitted and may result in a failure. This article examines the dowel joint, which is one of the most popular furniture joints. It discusses the effects of selected parameters, such as type of loading (tension and pressure), the size of the dowel (one-half or one-third of the joined parts), wood species [beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and spruce (Picea abies L.)], and the adhesives type (polyvinyl acetate and polyurethane), on the joint stiffness. The effect of the annual rings was also monitored; however it was not determined as significant. Based on the results, the dowel joint is recommended with greater diameters and while using PVAc gluing. Article also deals with test simulation in virtual environment using the programme Solidworks.