A shortage of class 2 and class 3 tractors was observed in peasant farms. As a solution to this problem, it was proposed to develop a technological module that would increase the versatility of class 1.4 tractors by transferring them to a higher traction class. (Research purpose) The authors aimed to substantiate the nominal operating power of the engine for a tractor with a technological module. (Materials and methods) To calculate the required power, the authors proposed a method that takes into account the design features of the modular construction of a machine-tractor unit. (Results and discussion) The authors showed that for a modular power unit with a 6K6 wheel arrangement, it is necessary to consider a number of additional factors having an impact on the accuracy of the calculation: firstly, the tractor’s traction and coupling properties depend on the number of driving axles; secondly, the wheel slippage along individual axes is not the same and occurs due to a constructively conditioned kinematic discrepancy in their drive; thirdly, the three-axle transmission efficiency can be determined only as a total indicator of three transmission branches, that is, to drive the tractor front and rear wheels and, separately, to drive the wheels of the technological module. The authors compared the required engine power when using a tractor with ballast and that with a technological module. (Conclusions) It was determined that in order to achieve the maximum traction force of adhesion on the hook when moving to the next higher traction class, it is necessary that the tractor, that the technological module is joint to, has the energy saturation of 2.00-2.41 kilowatts per kilonewton, which corresponds to traction and energy concept tractors whose engine power cannot be realized through traction. It was found that the power saturation of the tractor with the technological module will be equal to 1.59-1.65 kilowatts per kilonewton, which corresponds to the tractor of the traction concept and allows realizing the built-in engine power through traction.
The technological provision of peasant farms is characterized by a deficit in their fleet of tractors of classes 2, 3. As a promising direction for solving this problem, it is proposed to develop a technological module that allows increasing the versatility of class 1.4 tractors by transferring them to a higher traction class. To calculate the rated power of the engine of a tractor of class 1.4, when operating it with a technological module, a method is proposed that takes into account the design features of the modular construction of a machine-tractor unit.
The power of the engine of energy-saturated tractors often proves not to be fully used. One of the solutions to this problem might be the use of the unit technological part as an active coupling weight. To implement it, an energotechnological modular unit was created.Research purpose The purpose of the study is to determine the traction efficiency of a block-modular energotechnological unit given a kinematic discrepancy between the tractor wheels.Materials and methods The system of equilibrium equations for the transport-technological module being free-attached to the energy module is presented as the sum of forces projections on the axis. The tangent thrust force and the rolling resistance force of each axle of the energy vehicle were expressed through the corresponding normal soil reactions. When calculating multiaxle running systems, it was taken into account that the rolling resistance coefficient depends on the number of wheel passes along one trace and the degree of soil deformation by previous passes. Normal reactions of the soil to the energy module supports have been determined by considering the modular energotechnological unit as a whole, equating to zero the sum of the forces projection on the OZ axis and the sum of the moments at the point of contact between the energy module’s front wheels and the soil.Results and discussion The influence of the kinematic mismatch between the third axle and the second one on the undercarriage efficiency was investigated. Analyzing the dependence of the running system efficiency on the kinematic mismatch of the first and third axles at the traction of 30 kilonewtons, the extremes of all the dependencies at the kinematic mismatch between the third bridge and the second one different unit were detected.Conclusions It has been revealed that the change in the efficiency of the chassis system of the modular energotechnological unit depends on the kinematic mismatch between the third axle and the second one at a predetermined kinematic mismatch between the first axle and the second axle, which is a structural feature for 4K4 wheeled tractors. The excess in the values of running system efficiency equals 1.04-1.06 if the constructive kinematic mismatch between the third bridge and the second one is within 1.06-1.08.
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