Five different measurement techniques for experimental estimation of focal spot sizes in X-ray tubes are described. They are: the pinhole, the slit, the edge, the scanning and the grid-wire methods /1-6/. The same techniques can be used for experimental estimation of focal spot sizes in X-ray lenses.We are developing methods using magnification, high resolution and digital detection of a precise edges response to obtain quantitative estimates of focal spot dimensions for X-ray tubes and lenses for the energy range from 6 to 60 keV. Agreement between the wire and the edge methods is rather good, while three others give only rough estimations, when we use them for measuring focal spot sizes in the range from 0.01mm to 0.05mm.
Hollow glass guides are of interest for temperature and gas sensing devices, for JR surgery and industry, for spectroscopic and radiometric applications in the JR range from 2 to 20 pm. Institute for Roentgen Optics (IRO) is one of the world leaders in x-ray hollow glass optics production. These products are used for transmission and focusing x-rays in the range from 0.2 A (6OKeV) and up. Key technology features are: inner diameters ranging from 0. 1 micron up to several millimeters; length of capillaries ranging from several millimeters up to 1 .5 meter; assemblies of capillaries (lenses, collimators, anti scatter grids) ranging in sizes from 0. 1 millimeters up to 200 millimeters. Soon it will be possible to cover the poly capillary channels with metals Ag and Ni. During the mid-1989 till the mid-1990's we were developing x-ray capillary guides and by initiative one of the authorsta tested them for JR -applications. We found the transmission losses ' 4dB/m (SiO2-based glass, inner diameter a=lmm) and 8dB/m (Ge02-based glass, inner diameter a=O.7mm) at the wavelength 10.6 tm. In the report we consider single glass capillaries and bundles of capillaries for transmission, focusing, angular and spectral filtration of JR-radiation.
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