The treatment of flue gases from power plants and municipal or industrial wastewater using electron beam irradiation technology has been successfully demonstrated in small-scale pilot plants. The beam energy requirement is rather modest, on the order of a few MeV, however the adoption of the technology at an industrial scale requires the availability of high beam power, of the order of 1 MW, in a cost effective way. In this article we present the design of a compact superconducting accelerator capable of delivering a cw electron beam with a current of 1 A and an energy of 1 MeV. The main components are an rf-gridded thermionic gun and a conduction cooled β = 0.5 elliptical Nb3Sn cavity with dual coaxial power couplers. An engineering and cost analysis shows that the proposed design would result in a processing cost competitive with alternative treatment methods. List of acronyms SRF -radio-frequency superconductivity GM -Gifford-McMahon BLA -beamline absorber HOM -higher-order mode FPC -fundamental power coupler BBU -beam breakup YBCO -yttrium barium copper oxide CW -continuous wave VED -vacuum electron device

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This work presents an overview of radiation protection at high-energy electron accelerator facilities. By "high-energy" we mean the energy domain beyond few tens of MeV, where electromagnetic showers are the determining and dominant factor in beam interactions with matter. We describe basic components of electron accelerators and their potential impact on radiation safety. We then concentrate mainly on sources of prompt radiation which distinguish these machines from other accelerator facilities. In other areas we only mention details relevant to electron machines. More comprehensive description of these aspects, such as shielding or safety systems, can be found elsewhere in this issue. General concepts presented in this review are complemented and illustrated by more specific examples in our follow-up work in this issue (1) .

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