The article considers measures taken to improve state support of farms as a component of rural areas social capital. It has been proved that farms have a weak position in the market environment due to the peculiarities of their economic nature which requires the use of effective instruments of state support. Instruments of state support for the development of farms in the leading countries aimed at supporting farmers’ income, risk insurance, sales promotion, etc. were systematized in the study. The need to develop regional programs to support small farms producing "niche" crops, which would provide compensation for material costs of its production in the amount of 50% of the cost standards. The procedure for providing such support has been developed and the possibilities of fnancial support on the principle of co-fnancing of the united territorial community and state bodies in the ratio of 50:50 have been determined. The expediency of state support for novice farmers through providing grants for a family livestock farm establishment of has been proved. The study systematizes the criteria that a novice farmer must meet to be admitted to the competition and the lists the basic documents to be submitted. The funds of local united territorial communities and the state budget in the ratio of 30:70 should make the fnancial basis of the program to support the farms development for the production of livestock products. It is determined that the maximum size of the grant for the development of a family livestock farm should make: for cattle and meat cattle breeding - under 60%, pigs and poultry - 50% of regulatory costs with the grant period of 24 months. It is argued that the development of farms social partnership with different stakeholders is one of the areas of formation of rural areas social capital. To this end, it is proposed to develop a school nutrition program in rural areas, which will provide quality and safe nutrition for school-age children, to create a new channel for the distribution of products grown by farmers and other positive aspects of rural development. Key words: farms, state support, regional support, grant support, social capital, rural area.
The article summarizes the theoretical approaches to the definition of the category of social capital and considers the impact of modern changes on its formation and reproduction. It is substantiated that the holistic theory of social capital is not complete, which actualizes the research on deepening the essence of the definition of the category of social capital and systematizing the features of its formation. The evolution of the concept of social capital, modern approaches to the study and basic components of this type of capital are analyzed. It is established that initially social capital was considered as a special manifestation of relations between people, which contributes to the solution of common problems, including determined by the established ties between people. The components of the concept of "social capital" - trust, connections and norms, as well as considered as a certain resource available to man. It is argued that in the current environment, social capital includes the following elements - obligations and expectations, which depend on the reliability of the social environment; the ability of the social structure to transmit information flows and norms, which are accompanied by sanctions. Social capital involves the benefit of its various manifestations, or the return on efforts to maintain interpersonal relationships. It is established that scientific research is underway to develop an integrated indicator that has contributed to a comprehensive and adequate assessment of the level of development of social capital, in particular at the macro level. The versatility of the concept of social capital is proved, which requires for its study to adhere to an interdisciplinary scientific approach and take into account numerous factors of external and internal environment of its formation. The positions of scientists who prove the positive impact of social capital on various result indicators, in particular the growth of any economic system, are presented. The definitions of the category of social capital proposed by Ukrainian researchers are systematized and consensus is highlighted in the understanding of it as a resource based on stable social ties and used to generate additional income. The author's definition of understanding the category of social capital is proposed, which is considered on the basis of relationships based on trust and mutual obligations not directly related to the main activities of economic agents, and contribute to the formation and strengthening of their competitive advantages. The factors that influence the development of social capital and adjust its interpretation accordingly are systematized. Keywords: social capital, trust, relationships, social ties.
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