Smart technology has potential in tracking the key challenges based on population based on the sustainable future. In today’s cultures, a smart approach enables for the integration of information needed to address crucial concerns. The critical challenge is to limit the effects of global warming while maintaining a balanced economic growth. The impact of global warming mitigates the fundamental problem while ensuring the balance economic development. Intense research efforts should be directed toward balanced resource utilization, renewable energy system integration, efficient energy conversion technologies, effective process integration, effective techniques to enable a circular economy framework, and other issues that are important to the population. This paper finds the latest technology in the field of smart grid technologies which focused on the effective enhancement and efficient utilization of resource. The issues and challenges in using sustainable future are discussed and bring new ideas towards the sustainable future base on the application of smart technologies.
Natural fibre composites have been replacing synthetic fibre composites in practical applications for the last several years because of the features such as low densities, low weight, relatively inexpensive, recyclability, and excellent mechanical qualities unique to the substance. Thus, the current study examines how Kevlar/Ramie/Nano SiC hybrid fibre reinforced composites are made and their mechanical properties, and it compares them to those made using a single natural fibre reinforced composite. It was found that natural fibre composite densities and hardness were all within acceptable ranges by performing composites’ tensile and flexural strength tests. The hand-lay-up technique used ASTM standards samples to construct the composite specimens with various fibre weight percentages. Increase in mechanical characteristics was achieved by adding the glass and the epoxy fibres into the epoxy matrix. The hybrid composite’s performance is promising, especially those of individual fibre-reinforced composites.
MicroPCMs’ excellent thermal capacity and photothermal translation features benefit solar energy storage applications significantly. A successful in situ polymerization procedure was employed to build microencapsulated phase-change materials using n-hexadecanol as the core and melamine-formaldehyde resin as the outer shell, and the thermal characteristics of the microPCMs were evaluated. In terms of micromorphology, the incorporation of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes into microPCMs with a compact shell has little effect on their spherical structure. MicroPCMs’ melting heat and latent heat are both 51.5°C with a 0.2 weight percent dose of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes, and n-energy hexadecanol’s storage efficiency is determined to be 75.25 percent. Thermal conductivity and photothermal conversion efficiency of microencapsulated phase-change materials engendered with increased hydroxylated carbon nanotube dosage have improved significantly, laying the foundation for improved photothermal storage efficiency. When 0.6 weight % hydroxylated carbon nanotubes are added to the mixture, microencapsulated phase-change materials have a thermal conduction of 0.3597 Wm−1·K−1 and 181.5 J·g−1. Additionally, all of the improved microPCMs show exceptional thermal stability across 500 heat cycles. Because of their large thermal capability and efficient photothermal conversion, the new microPCMs appear to be an appealing option for solar energy storage in direct-absorption solar collector systems.
Experiments were carried out on an evacuated tube solar air collector connected to intrinsic thermal power storage to provide warm air unless solar radiation was available. As a phase change material, stearic acid was employed (PCM). Water has been used as a base fluid for converting sunlight into electricity gain to warm air, and the solar collector’s manifold was connected to the intrinsic thermal energy store. The most significant temperature variation between warm air and ecologic air was 38°C and 22°C, respectively, during direct and indirect solar radiation. A circular fin arrangement was used to achieve a flow rate of 0.020 kg s-1. The efficiency of minimum airflow rates (0.020 kg s-1) was 0.08–0.48 times that of maximum airflow rates (0.04 kg s-1). Because of the PCM’s better heat-storing capability, this system has a benefit over sensible storage systems in that it may be used after sunset.
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