Analysis of the chromosomal characteristics of the Maximowicz's vole Microtus maximowiczii (242 specimens) from Transbaikalia, Russian Far East, and Mongolia, including new data from 12 local populations, supplemented information about chromosomal polymorphism of the species (2n=36-44; NF=52-62). We describe chromosomal data for the populations which have not been investigated previously, reveal a fixation of the chromosomal reconstructions in the various geographical regions and describe for the first time the population with stabilized karyotype (2n=42) in the Chita Region. The revision of the chromosomal characteristics has been done, that resulted in suggestion to consider five forms in the species composition, three of which (C, D and I) are established herein. Perhaps M. m. gromovi exemplified by the chromosome form I should be considered as an independent species. The chromosomal forms differ not only in 2n and NF, but also in number of the biarmed and acrocentric chromosomes.
In the last decade the problem of household hazardous waste (HHW) is becoming increasingly important, in connection with expansion of the assortment and increase of the total number. The household hazardous waste include: mercury-containing fluorescent lamps and other devices, batteries, electrical and electronic devices (waste electrical and electronic equipment), remnants of household chemicals and medicines, and others.Such waste contains in its chemical composition of hazardous substances, which have negative impact on the environment and human health. If dangerous components are not allocated from the overall flow of low-hazardous municipal solid waste (MSW), in the processing or disposal in landfills, they begin to have a negative impact on the environment, which tends to accumulate.The article presents the assessment of the hazard class of solid waste, containing a specified number of HHW (according to various data about their morphological composition), using calculation methods approved in the Russian Federation. The analysis of the impact of HHW in the composition of MSW on the environment during the implementation of the main ways of MSW treatment is performed. A brief review of modern technologies of collection and processing of HHW in Russia and other countries is presented and recommendations are given.
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