The theory of the dynamical X-ray diffuse scattering (DS) in single crystals with homogeneously distributed microdefects (point defect clusters, inclusions, new phase nuclei, dislocation loops, etc.) is developed. The thickness dependence of the DS intensity distribution in reciprocal lattice space is investigated by constructing both, iso-intensity contours and plane projections of threedimensional images. Possibilities to obtain a detailed information concerning various-kind microdefects characteristics by using distribution patterns of the DS intensity are discussed.
Landslides in the North-Western Black Sea coastal zone (NWBSCZ) are a very common natural phenomenon. The analysis of large volumes of original field and compilative geological material shows the determining influence of tectonic factors on the formation of geoecological characteristics of the southern regions of the NWBSCZ. In 2014—2022, a study of the materials of aerospace observations — SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) radar topography was performed with statistical data processing in a GIS environment in combination with the results of ground route studies. Descriptions and photos of landslides are given, as well as information on determining the patterns of the spatial location of active landslide zones, the causes and factors of their occurrence, the nature of development and the consequences of landslide activity. On the basis of the tectonolineament analysis, experience was gained in determining the differences in the dynamics of the development of individual active tectonic blocks of the southern part of the NWBSCZ and the scale of their possible perspective influence on the formation of the general modern geological and ecological situation. The result of such work was the materials for the development of recommendations for taking into account the natural geodynamic characteristics of the specific areas under investigation, for the solution of urgent economic issues of planning rational and safe nature management.
1 Отделение морской геологии и осадочного рудообразования НАН Украины, Киев 2 Институт озероведения РАН, Санкт Петербург ТЕКТОНОЛИНЕАМЕНТЫ И НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГЕОТЕКТОНИКИ Пространственные ориентировки линеаментных систем океанов и континентов совпадают. Разномасштабные линейные топо и геоструктуры Земли ориен тированы в ограниченном числе направлений согласно единой глобальной регма тогенной линеаментной сети древнего заложения. Протяженные формы мезо и микрорельефа локальных территорий суши и подводных гор Океана наследуют пространственную ориентацию линеаментной сети структуры, в пределах ко торой они находятся. Многие протяженные тектонолинеаменты (сквозные структуры) без изменения направления пересекают континенты и океаны. Система океанических рифтов неоднородна, гетерогенна и имеет явно нало женный характер. Линеаменты и их системы проявляют на земной поверхнос ти глубинный структурный каркас литосферы, «образуют правильную геомет рическую сетку, которая является первичной особенностью земной коры» (Бе лоусов В.В., 1989). Основные процессы формирования земной коры дна океанов и континентов могут быть исчерпывающе объяснены с позиции концепции раз ломно блокового строения литосферы Планеты.Ключевые слова: линеаменты, глобальная линеаментная сеть, сквозные структуры.
Modern high-precision global digital 3-d models of the relief of the continents and the ocean floor (SRTM, GEBCO) are the objective basis to clarify the structure and features of the organization of the planetary fault network of of the Black Sea region and adjacent areas of the Mediterranean mobile belt and surrounding platform areas, to find out the location of the main transregional supermegalineaments forming the deep structural-tectonic framework of the territory. A complete consistency of the structural plan of faults and fault zones within the sea areas and continental surroundings is established. The structural position of the Black Sea basin as a whole is determined by its location at the intersection area (superposition, interference) of the diagonal (subdiagonal) transcontinental tectonolinament belts: the north-west – Elba-Zagros, Caucasus-Kopetdag, and the north-east – Atlas- Black Sea. The absence of large-scale lateral displacements at the intersection nodes of differently oriented supermegalineament systems indicates the relative autonomous stationarity and inheritance of the formation of the lyneament framework during the entire Mezozoic-Cenozoic and relatively low-shear nature of its implementation. This feature of the Black Sea region structural pattern significantly limits the possibility of using neomobilistic geodynamic models to explain the history of the geological development of the region. The strict consistency and orderliness of the lineament framework can be ensured only by global planetary factors associated with the influence of the rotational regime of the Earth's shells on the stress distribution in the lithosphere.
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