. 2004. Canola and mustard response to short periods of temperature and water stress at different developmental stages. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 697-704. Seed yield of Brassica crops in semiarid environments can be increased by minimizing the crops' exposure to high temperature and water stress that often occurs during the growing season. A growth chamber study was conducted to determine the effect of short periods of high temperature and water stress at different developmental stages on seed yield and yield components of Brassica crops. Two canola-quality Brassica juncea 'PC98-44' and 'PC98-45', a Brassica napus canola 'Quantum', and a B. juncea oriental mustard 'Cutlass' were grown under 20/18°C day/night temperatures with photoperiod of 16/8 h light/dark. High (35/18°C) and moderate (28/18°C) temperature stress was imposed for 10 d during bud formation, flowering, and pod development. Low (90% available water) and high (50% available water) water stress was imposed in combination with the temperature treatments. On average, the 35/18°C stress reduced main stem pods by 75%, seeds pod -1 25%, and seed weight 22% from the control. Seed yield per plant was reduced by 15% when plants were severely (35/18°C) stressed during bud formation, 58% when stressed during flowering, and 77% when stressed during pod development. Plants stressed at earlier growth stages exhibited recovery, whereas stress during pod development severely reduced most of the yield components. Effect of water stress on seed yield was minimal regardless of crop developmental stage. The four Brassica cultivars responded similarly to water stress. In response to temperature stress, B. juncea produced greater number of pods per plant but had a great rate of pod infertility than B. napus. Seed yield of B. juncea in semiarid environments can be increased by improving pod fertility, whereas the seed yield of B. napus can be increased by improving pod production and retention. On peut accroître le rendement grainier des espèces du genre Brassica en milieu semi-aride en réduisant le plus possible l'exposition des plantes aux températures élevées et au stress hydrique fréquents durant la période végétative. Les auteurs ont effectué une expérience en phytotron afin de préciser les conséquences de brefs stress thermique et hydrique à divers stades de croissance sur le rendement grainier et sur divers paramètres du rendement des espèces du genre Brassica. Pour cela, ils ont cultivé deux variétés de Brassica juncea de qualité canola (PC98-44 et PC98-45), le canola (B. napus) Quantum et la moutarde joncée (B. juncea) Cutlass à la température diurne/nocturne de 20/18°C durant une photopériode de 16/8 h de clarté/obscurité. Ils ont ensuite soumis les plantes à un stress thermique intense (35/18°C) ou modéré (28/18°C) pendant 10 jours lors de la formation des bourgeons, de la floraison et de la formation des gousses. Au stress thermique s'ajoutait un faible (90 % d'eau disponible) ou fort (50 % d'eau disponible ) stress hydrique. En moyenne, un stress thermique de 3...

Aims: Field experiment was conducted to study the integrated nutrient management on yield, all yield components and resource use efficiency of cotton and soybean intercropping system. Study Design: Randomized complete block design with three replications and twenty treatments. Place and Duration of Study: Plot number ‘101’ of ‘D’ block, All India Coordinated Research Project, Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (India) during June 2016. Methodology: As per the treatments, organic manure (FYM) and green leaf manures (gliricidia and pongamia) were applied 15 days before sowing of the crop. Vermicompost was applied on the spot to soil before dibbling of seeds in cotton and soybean intercropping system in 1:2 row proportions, soybean introduced as intercrop in cotton with row spacing of cotton 120 cm and soybean 30 cm. Results: Results revealed that all the yield components like number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield and cotton stalk yield in cotton and number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, seed yield and haulm yield were higher under sole crop. Application of 150 and 125% RDF for cotton and soybean intercropping system found higher yield and yield components of cotton and soybean. However, the land equivalent ratio (LER), area time equivalent ratio (ATER) and cotton equivalent yield (CEY) were higher in intercropping system than sole crops. Conclusion: Application of 125% RDF for both crops was found to be agronomically feasible, economically viable, environment friendly and in sustainable approach. In addition to this it provides insurance against inter-climatic changes.

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