Поступила в редакцию 27.03.2012 г.На основе анализа возрастной структуры популяций определена тенденция изменения верхней и нижней границ распространения пихты Нордмана (Abies nordmanniana) в бассейне реки Белая (Западный Кавказ) в связи с потеплением климата. Результаты свидетельствуют, что климатические перемены пока не привели к изменению высотного ареала этого вида в районе исследований, но создали предпосылки к его отступлению на верхних и нижних пределах.
The causes of linear relationships between local species richness and the size of the actual species pool in closed subalpine meadow communities and open plant communities of the alpine stony substrate (the Greater Caucasus Mountains) were analyzed using a computer simulation model. The results demonstrated that this relationship is insufficient evidence for the variation of local species richness among communities is wholly or partly determined by regional processes (the species-pool hypothesis). A relatively proportional ratio between these variables can also arise where local species richness and the size of the species pool both depend on local processes, or where local species richness is determined by local factors alone while the size of the species pool is determined by both local and regional factors.
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