Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) developed from mixtures of solid lipid and spatially incompatible liquid lipid by solvent diffusion method. This new type of lipid nanoparticles offers the advantage of improved drug loading capacity and release properties. In this study, Glyceryl distearate and Glyceryl behenate were chosen as solid lipid and Glyceryl triacetate used as liquid lipid. Ubidecarenone used as model drug was incorporated into the NLC. The influences of different type of solid lipid and liquid lipid concentration on physiochemical properties of the NLC were characterized. As a result, the drug encapsulation efficiencies were improved by adding the liquid lipid into the solid lipid of nanoparticles. NLC had higher encapsulation efficiency and drug release. In addition, in vivo study showed that the antioxidant activity of the Ubidecarenone (Co. Q10 NLC) was more effective than the Ubidecarenone (Coenzyme Q10) solution form on DPPH scavenging, anti-lipid peroxidation, lowers the effect of amnesia induced by scopolamine and increased bioavailability observed in Cmax, Tmax, and AUC. These results indicated that nanostructured lipid formulation of Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q10) has more antioxidant activity than that of solution form and it can be used to reduce the oxidative stress and to increase the antioxidant enzyme activity in many neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease etc.
Enalapril maleate was incorporated into natural biodegradable polymer egg albumin microspheres for controlled release and to investigate the in vitro and in vivo studies in the treatment of hypertension. The microspheres were developed by chemical cross linking technique and glutaraldehyde was used as chemical cross linking agent. The size of formulated microspheres observed in the range of 50 to 60 m and encapsulation efficiency of Enalapril maleate was up to 89.10%. In vitro studies reported the release of 85.44% Enalapril maleate loaded egg albumin microspheres after 6 hrs. In vivo studies carried out in wistar rats exhibited that, optimized formulation reduces the blood pressure and pharmacokinetic analysis such as C max , T max and AUC was found to be 12.8 m/ml, 4 hr and 56.25 g/hr/ml respectively. Elimination constant and t 1/2 of microspheres formulation was observed to be 0.0389 and 17 hrs. Stability studies were carried out at different temperature for 30 days which reported the reduction in drug content at very low amount. From these result, it was concluded that, the formulated egg albumin microspheres of Enalapril maleate is a potential delivery system to reduce the blood pressure. So the controlled release achieved through natural biodegradable polymer egg albumin microspheres.
A simple, sensitive and specific analytical method based on microdiffusion of urinary nitrobenzene into a nitrating mixture and its subsequent determination by the butanone method is described in this paper. The method is sensitive to detect 0.2 mg/L of urinary nitrobenzene.
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