Mineral wool is one of the most effective and environmentally safe types of heat insulation materials. Basalt is the main raw material for its production. The quality of the fibre produced depends on its chemical composition. The priority task is to assess the suitability of basalts for use in the production by their chemical composition. The main indicator is the acidity index, which reflects the acid-base characteristics of rocks. Basalt deposits of the Republic of Buryatia have been studied. It was found that the basalts of the Ilyushkin Klyuch deposit have a chemical composition which meets the requirements for continuous fibre production, and the basalts of the Selendum and Mukhor-Talinsky deposits – for staple fibre production. The production of continuous fibres for basalts of the Selendum deposit requires additional charging of calcium-or magnesium-containing rocks, and for basalts of Mukhor-Talinsky deposit-an addition of silicon-containing rocks.
The increasing pace of construction in areas in eastern Russia is leading to an increased demand for building materials. To meet this demand, local raw materials, including basalt, are widely used. In this article, we have shown the possibility of complex use of basalts in the production of various types of products. Using low-temperature plasma, basalt fibre with good physical and chemical characteristics was obtained. It possesses high heat-resistance (up to 700°C) and alkali resistance, and is stable in aqueous medium. Using mechanical activation method composite binding materials were obtained. Technological parameters of their production are determined. It is shown that the binding materials with optimal composition have a compressive strength higher than the strength of the control sample by 18%. The integrated use of mineral raw materials allows us to solve the issues of energy efficiency, resource conservation and environmental safety in the development of mineral deposits and the production of new types of products.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.