This review is aimed to demonstrate the basics and use of formalism of gauge-invariant nonlocal correlators in nonabelian gauge theories. Many phenomenologically interesting nonperturbative aspects of gluodynamics and QCD can be described in terms of correlators of the nonabelian field strength tensors. It is explained how the properties of correlator ensemble encode the structure of QCD vacuum and determine different nonperturbative observables. It is argued that in gluodynamics and QCD the dominant role is played by the lowest nontrivial two-point correlator (Gaussian dominance). Lattice measurements of field correlators are discussed. Important for the formalism theoretical tools, such as nonabelian Stokes theorem, background perturbation theory, cluster expansion, as well as phenomenological applications to the heavy quarkonium dynamics and QCD phase transition are reviewed.Comment: LaTeX, 77 pages, 7 eps-figure

We report the optical design of a solid immersion mirror (SIM) incorporated with a flying slider -called a SIM slider -for a near-field recording (NFR) system, its fabrication process, and optical evaluation. To achieve diffraction-limited performance $=14 (rms), a two-step glass-molding process was employed to fabricate the SIM. The numerical aperture of the SIM slider was 1.29. The rms value of the total wavefront aberration was 0:0679. The fabricated SIM slider achieves the optical performance estimated by calculation with the fabrication errors considered, and even diffraction-limited performance. However, an rms value of 0:035-0:04 for the total wavefront aberration is generally assigned for condensing optics for practical use because not only condensing optics but also other optical elements are involved in a practical optical disc system. Therefore, the aberration caused by the fabrication errors in the molding process should be reduced to at least 59% of the present level, if the SIM is to be applied to a practical NFR system.

We address the issue of evaluating chiral effects (such as the newly discovered chiral separation) in hydrodynamic approximation. The main tool we use is effective theory which defines interaction in terms of chemical potentials µ, µ 5 . In the lowest order in µ, µ 5 we reproduce recent results based on thermodynamic considerations. In higher orders the results depend on details of infrared cutoff. Another point of our interest is an alternative way of the anomaly matching through introduction of effective scalar fields arising in the hydrodynamic approximation.

Recent accurate lattice measurements of static potentials between sources in various representations of the gauge group SU(3) performed by Bali, provide a crucial test of different QCD vacuum models. The Casimir scaling of the potential observed for all measured distances can be explained as being due to strong suppression of higher cumulants contribution.

The potentialities of the production of the scalar KK molecules in the φ radiative decays are considered beyond the narrow resonance width ap-The mass spectra in the ππ , πη , K + K − , K 0K 0 channels are calculated. The imaginary part of the amplitude φ → γf 0 (a 0 ) is calculated analytically. It is obtained the phase of the scalar resonance production amplitude that causes the interference patterns in the reaction e + e − → γπ + π − in the φ meson mass region.12.39.-x, 13.40.Hq.

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This is an extended version of the paper hep-th/9802134. Dual QCD Lagrangian is derived by making use of the coordinate gauge of general type where the 1-form (vector potential) is expressed as a contour integral of the 2form (field strength) along an (arbitrary) contour C. As another application a simple proof of the nonabelian Stokes theorem is given. * shevchen@heron.itep.ru † simonov@vxitep.itep.ru

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