Stroke remains the second leading cause of death and third leading cause of death and disability combined worldwide in 2019. Thus stroke is a disease of immense public health importance with serious economic and social consequences. Ischaemic stroke constituted 62•4 percent of all incident strokes, while intracerebral haemorrhage constituted 27•9 percent and subarachnoid haemorrhage constituted 9•7 percent. In 2019, the ÀYH OHDGLQJ ULVN IDFWRUV IRU VWURNH ZHUH KLJK V\VWROLF blood pressure (contributing 55•5% of total stroke DALYs), high body-mass index (24•3%), high fasting plasma glucose (20•2%), ambient particulate matter pollution (20•1%), and smoking (17•6%) (GBD, 2019). Data from the recent Inter-stroke study indicated that a list of 10 stroke risk factors including hypertension, high cholesterol, current smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, stress, obesity, heart disease, lack of physical activity, and poor diet were
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