A method for improving the nutritional value of straw as a substrate for fungal growth by radiation is described. The conditions for fungal growth on a medium containing irradiated straw of winter rye were studied. It was found that the straw substrate improves both the quantity of carbohydrates and the quality of their composition in the nutrient medium. Easier accessibility of the irradiated substrate to enzymatic hydrolysis allows the time bioconversion of cellulose into protein to be reduced and the protein yield to be increased, thus improving the qualitative composition of the fungal biomass. The data obtained suggest a possibility of converting straw into a fodder product by substituting the method of using reagents for pretreatment by a simpler and less labour-consuming method.A most complete utilization of raw plant materials in the microbiological industry requires their pretreatment. Some methods were developed for hydrolysis of plant substrates [ 11. In spite of the great diversity of procedures used for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates, the problem remains far from being efficiently solved. The search and development of more perfect methods for treating lignocellulose-containing raw materials are an urgent problem. The irradiation pretreatment of materials is one of such methods. In previous investigations [2, 31 it was shown that ionizing radiation may be an effective method to substitute alkaline or acid pretraetment. In this paper the conditions axe investigated for the mycelial growth on a substrate containing irradiated winter-rye straw.
With scientifi c and technical progress and the expansion of the volumes of production of foodstuffs the packaging industry is a leading industrial sector. Packaging makes it possible to reduce product losses, to guarantee retention of product quality during long-term storage, and to ensure delivery of products to the consumer in an attractive form [1]. Synthetic polymers are widely used as packaging materials. These are high-quality substitutes for natural feedstock that possess valuable properties, many of which are not inherent in natural materials. With the development of engineering and technology for the production of packaging materials, not only the functions of packaging but also the demands made of it are broadening. These demands are chiefl y as follows:
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