Peak effect in a superconducting DyBa2Cu3O7-δ film at microwave frequencies Bhangale, A.R.; Raychaudhuri, P.; Sarkar, S.; Banerjee, Tamalika; Bhagwat, S.S.; Shirodkar, V.S. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. We report the observation of a peak in the microwave ͑9.55 GHz͒ surface resistance in an epitaxial DyBa 2 Cu 3 O 7Ϫ␦ superconducting film in magnetic fields ͑parallel to the c axis͒ ranging between 0.2 to 0.9 T. Such a peak is absent in the measurements done in zero field. The temperature and field dependence of the peak suggests that this peak could be associated with the peak effect ͑PE͒ phenomenon reflecting the orderdisorder transformation in the flux-line lattice ͑FLL͒. A strong frequency dependence of the PE is observed close to the depinning frequency of the FLL.
The theory of dynamic similarity has been used to construct a generalized current-voltage characteristic (CVC) of a non-transferred, straight polarity, solid electrode arc-plasma torch. The enthalpy number obtained from the energy equation has been found to significantly influence the characteristics of the electric arc. The generalized CVC developed has been found to match with experimental parameters of other torches having the same basic principle of design and used elsewhere. The electrothermal efficiency of the plasma torch has been determined and put in the form of a generalized correlation using dimensionless numbers. The use of the theory of dynamic similarity to obtain a generalized correlation has been therefore found to be more appropriate.
Nomenclature
B
Magnetic induction (T) cSpeed of light (m s −1 ) eElectric charge (C)Permeability of vacuum (H m −1 ) ρ Density (kg m −3 ) ρ e Charge density (C m −3 ) σ Electrical conductivity (mho m −1
A device has been developed for the measurement of copper(II) ions (Cu++) in aqueous medium. The device reported here is an electrochemical transistor that consists of two platinum electrodes separated by 100-microm spacing and bridged with an anodically grown polycarbazole film. The undoped polycarbazole film is observed to be highly selective for the Cu(II) ions. In a completed device, the conductivity of the polycarbazole film changes on addition of Cu (II)ions. This change in conductivity is attributed to the conformational changes in the polymer phase on occupation of the Cu(II) ions, without affecting electron/proton transfer. The device turns on by adding 2.5 x 10(-6) M Cu(II) ions and reaches a saturation region above a concentration of 10(-4) M Cu(II) ions. In this concentration range, the plot of I(D) vs log[Cu(II)] is linear. The selectivity of the device for other metal ions such as Cu(I), Co(II), Fe(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), and Pb(II) is also studied.
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