Phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables have achieved immense significance owing to the increasing evidence which signifying their activity for antioxidant and prevention of chronic diseases. The amount of phloretin (88.39 µg mg) and phloridzin (83.03 µg mg) were found to be higher among other phenolics determined using UPLC. DPPH, ABTS, metal chelating and ·OH radical assays were used to evaluate antioxidant activity. pulp portion showed higher antioxidant activity than seed portion. HPLC analysis for free amino acids showed that serine (9.06 µg mg), alanine (8.03 µg mg), tyrosine (10.33 µg mg), and cysteine (76.86 µg mg) were only detected in pulp portion while seed comprised of histidine (3.96 µg mg) only. Seed portion was also determined for their fatty acid composition including palmitic acid (0.89%), ethyl palmitate (0.56%), methyl petroselinate (0.90%) and linolein (3.93%) using GC-MS analysis. HPAEC technique detected fructose and sucrose in a fair amount of 21 and 17.3 mg g in pulp, while 9.4 and 4.24 mg g in seed portion, respectively. The present study suggested that fruit is a rich source of phenolic and other chemical components which can be used in food products and nutraceutical formulations.

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A simple, rapid, and reproducible method for detecting 16 phenolics including marker flavonoids, polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), dihydroxychalcones, and phenolic acids was developed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-quadrupole time-of-flight-ion mobility mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-IMS). The effectiveness of the method was assessed through limit of detection (0.0009–0.16 μg/mL), limit of quantification (0.0027–0.45 μg/mL), and standard calibrations to validate at an optimized flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Hesperidin as a major flavonoid and tangeretin as a PMF were quantified in Citrus extracts, whereas phloridzin, a major dihydroxychalcone, was quantified in Malus fruit. Freeze-dried and market edibles were also analyzed, compared, and quantified. The two-dimensional IMS mode confirmed the presence of naringin, hesperidin, nobiletin, and tangeretin in Citrus at frame numbers 666, 706, 1260, and 1301, respectively, in the positive mode. Similarly, Malus samples showed phloretin and phloridzin confirmed at 890 and 1198 frames, respectively, in the negative mode. The present analytical approach aids the higher applicability in quality assurance and development of food and phenolic extracts derived from Citrus and Malus fruits in a single shot.