Manufacturing imperatives of the electronics industry require technological capability across components to develop a strong supply base. With domestic value addition being less than 25%, catapulting domestic production capability would necessitate promoting productivity enhancing innovations at the firm level, particularly in design and development capabilities. For assessing the technological orientation of the electronics manufacturing Industry, the empirical investigation of this article focuses on two important channels of influence, namely imports and firm productivity and exports and firm productivity under a liberalised regime, thereby identifying the determinants of production growth of electronics manufacturing in India. The econometric analysis has underlined the low technological capability of manufacturing firms. While the import of raw material is significant for both domestic-oriented and export-oriented firms, import of capital goods is significant for only export-oriented firms. Further, R&D expenditure is low which is statistically significant. Taken together, these results highlight that high imports are on account of domestic non-availability, and imports have substituted domestic R&D that underlines low technological capability of Indian firms. Further, export-oriented firms have technologically advanced products possibly to face the competitive pressures in the international market. To supplement these insights, the descriptive analysis focused on the trade orientation of the sample firms and cost structure in determining their market behaviour. The share of firms engaging in domestic activity surged post liberalisation, suggesting that the focus was primarily on fast expanding domestic market. As such, import engagement has increased significantly but export engagement has decreased. This suggests that imports have not facilitated export growth but only bridged the gap of non-availability of inputs domestically. The analysis of cost structure points to a decline in the share of capital goods and R&D, both implying lack of technological capability of the firms. Further, increasingly firms are turning to trading, that is, import of finished goods. As such, to promote a conducive manufacturing ecosystem, there is a need to promote technological capability and encourage export orientation of the firms. JEL Codes: F10, F14, L63
This is a systematic literature review to understand the adopted practices, proposed solutions and measurement models for Information Technology Service Management [ITSM] approaches. This paper extends the existing research and past literature reviews in this area by including recent published research from 2010 to 2018. The review finds that ITSM practices are not uniformly adopted, and some processes tend to be adopted more widely than others. The review also finds many measurement models that are either not validated, or only partially validated, and sees a gap between academic research and practitioner community, who are the primary intended users of these models and frameworks. There are proposed solutions for ITSM integration with other management systems that can benefit from further research for validation. We recommend future researchers to collaborate with practitioners, so that proposed models and frameworks can be incorporated into the relevant standards, where feasible.
The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between the Indian stock market and the domestic and global economic policy uncertainty (EPU) during the period: January 2003–June 2020. The study employed unit root tests, Johansen cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM), Granger causality test and impulse response function (IRF) for the analysis. This study finds the evidence for the presence of long-run equilibrium relationship between the stock market, domestic economic policy uncertainty (DEPU) and global economic policy uncertainty (GEPU) in India. The findings suggest that there is bidirectional causality between DEPU and stock market; however, no causality is found between GEPU and stock market in either direction. Also, it is found that there is bidirectional causality between DEPU and GEPU. The findings of the study may help policymakers to formulate decisive monetary and fiscal policies to achieve financial stability and are important for the financial investors and hedgers for portfolio allocations in India. JEL Codes: C32, D80, G12
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