Relevance. Seeds play an important role in obtaining a high yield of vegetable crops of good quality. Breeders usually deal with a large number of samples. To study the source material, the seeds of the samples are sown in boxes with soil for growing seedlings or in collection nurseries of experimental stations and research institutions. It takes an average of ½ hour of shift time to manually extract a sample weighing 10 kg from a batch. Currently, there are no sufficiently efficient devices for isolating tomato seeds from batches of samples with small weights up to 100 kg. The task of research on mechanization is to increase the efficiency of the tomato seed extraction device by improving the working bodies, determining the value of the optimal mass of samples, the extraction of seeds from which is economically and technically feasible.Material and methodology. Experimental studies were conducted in order to find constructive solutions for working bodies, study their operability and determine optimal parameters and operating modes. The research program included: a study of the productivity of the layout and the complexity of its maintenance; a study of qualitative indicators, including seed loss, seed clogging, seed damage; a study of the modes of working bodies, including the number of revolutions of the whip shaft, gaps between the whips and the sieve, the angle of advance of the whips; an assessment of the convenience of cleaning and visual inspection of all surfaces of parts, in contact with seeds; analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the design of mesh drums, scourges, mechanisms for locking semi-cylinders, the work of the fence that reclines together with the hopper.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that drum-and-whip type working organs are economically feasible for use in tomato seed extraction devices with a sample weight of at least 100 kg (i.e. mainly in primary and elite seed production), due to the fact that the time for disassembly, cleaning and assembly of working organs is 95% of the cycle (for example for samples weighing 10 kg). The clogging of the seeds meets the requirements, crushing was not observed.
The authors studied the pneumohydraulic device indicators for spraying liquids for irrigation, nutrition and protection of agricultural plants, taking into account the principles of water and energy conservation, based on preliminary gas saturation of sprayed water and the use of a cavitation effect in the design of the aerator unit during ejection and supply of air under pressure. (Research purpose) To determine the technological parameters of a pneumohydraulic device for spraying liquids to obtain controlled dispersive artificial rain and substantiate the choice of its optimal technical parameters depending on the operating modes. (Materials and methods) The authors used an algorithm for calculating parameters in EXCEL or WPS spreadsheet processor and mathematical expressions. (Results and discussion) The authors theoretically determined the minimum and maximum calculated parameters of the constructive solution geometry for spraying the liquid phase: water nozzle, air nozzle channel, mixing cell, middle annular gap, outlet nozzle. They changed indicators of operating water pressure – 0.20; 0.25; 0.30 and 0.35 megapascals; air – 0.25 and 0.30 megapascals, provided the water flow rate from 0.002 to 0.010 liter per second and air – from 0.0005 to 0.0090 kilogram per second. With an increase in the water flow rate within the specified limits and the ejection coefficient from 0.5 to 0.9, a linear increase in the average annular gap diameter from 2 to 15 millimetres was revealed, as well as a nonlinear dependence of the increase in the sprayer mixing cell diameter from 5 to 20 millimetres. The authors showed the possibility of reducing the mixing cell diameter if the water pressure was increased from 0.25 to 0.35 megapascal's and the air pressure was from 0.20 to 0.30 megapascals. They obtained the parameters values for the designed and experimental samples development, which turned out to be significantly less than when operating in the air ejection mode: the outlet nozzle and the middle annular gap – by 16 percent, the air nozzle – by 23, the diameter of the mixing cell – by 50 percent or more. (Conclusions) The authors obtained calculated data to optimize technological parameters and design solutions, which would speed up the manufacture of designed and model samples of the device and its experimental testing for the generation of dispersive artificial rain drops.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.