The ultimate source of energy for crucial activities like cooking, heating and parboiling process is burning wood and other agricultural products. Due to growing populations utilizing resource of combustible biomass materials will finally result in insufficiency of those materials until certain measures are taken to secure them. It mainly focuses on the minimization of pollution especially land, water and air and to avoid the deforestation mainly for many fuels for burning. The product taken is the by-product, which is obtained from the residue left after letting the cotton industrial waste for reuse. The raw materials used are cassava waste, coconut shell, groundnut shell, cotton waste and cow dung with thirty different mix ratios. The briquettes were made without using any binder. Using hydraulic pressure with UTM given to produce the briquettes are 5.0 kN/cm 2 , 5.6 kN/cm2 and 6.0 kN/cm2 . Good energy content has been obtained when the pressure for producing briquettes at 5.6 kN/cm2 .These briquettes are mainly used for industrial boiler running and cooking purpose.
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a parameter for evaluation of the mechanical strength of sub grade, base course and other layers of a new carriage way. It depends on various factors and nature of soil. The service life of pavement on weaker soil sub grade is quite low due to the high compressibility and plasticity behavior of soils. Some soils possess less strength, CBR value and have high affinity to moisture content. Hence it is important to increase the strength of soil for sustainable performance of Indian roads. To increase the sub grade soil strength, geogrids are used in roads. Geogrids are cost effective polymeric materials used as soil reinforcement. It helps to increase the stability and bearing capacity of soil, enables good drainage and involves less maintenance. Increase in CBR value of the sample with use of geogrids leads to reduction in the thickness of pavement. Two soil samples are collected from the nearby construction sites. Basic tests are to be conducted on the samples to determine its engineering and index properties followed by CBR test under optimum moisture content. This paper deals with the experimental results of CBR tests on different types of sub grade soil by increasing the number of geogrid layers in each trial. This gives the optimum number of geogrid layer to attain the maximum CBR value. This paper also includes the application of CBR value in the design of flexible pavements as per IRC recommendations.
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