Aim. The variation of protein content and its relationship to agronomic traits of introgression wheat lines were studied to determine the differentiating ability of environment, a value of breeding traits from new sources and the relevancy of assessment methods. Methods. Growing plants under different conditions was combined with the laboratory methods for determining quality. Results. An average protein content of the lines (9.7–15.5 %) was higher in the wide-row crop and in drouth years, and the range of variation was wider in dry years in the wide-row crop, but in favorable years in the solid crop. A stable positive correlation of protein content with gluten content (0.87–0.96) and sedimentation value (0.58–0.90), and the negative correlation with yield was established. Conclusions. The parameters of plant resistance to diseases and harsh agricultural backgrounds, the determination of protein content by several methods and the differentiating ability of the environments with optimal conditions and a high agricultural background should be used for selection and objective evaluation of material. Weather conditions may limit the use of some indicators as breeding traits. The method of near-infrared spectroscopy requires constant calibrations, following measurement instructions may overestimate the protein content and affect the efficiency of the selection process. Keywords: wheat, introgression lines, protein content, methods.
Aim. To determine the value of breeding traits from new sources by studying the resistance to diseases, protein content and their relationship with the productivity of introgression wheat lines. Methods. Growing plants under infection backgrounds of wheat diseases was combined with the laboratory methods for determining protein content and weight of 1000 kernels. Results. Disease resistance has depended on the pathogen species and the source of alien variability. Prolonged resistance to stem rust has been observed only among the derivatives of the collection sample H74/90-245, containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and T. timopheevii in the pedigree. Derivatives Ae. tauschii gradually lost the resistance to the time of full maturation. Conclusions. The parameters of plant resistance to diseases, protein content and yield, absolute protein content in 1000 kernels should be used for the material selection. The best lines have been selected from 736 introgression lines. They characterized by high productivity in some years, large grain, high protein content, disease resistance, adaptability to local environments and devoid of the wild species negative qualities. The lines are of interest for further breeding work in the south of Ukraine. Lines with leaf pubescence from T. timopheevii and with modified translocation 1BL.1RSm were characterized by low productivity.Keywords: wheat, introgression lines, disease resistance, protein content, productivity.
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