Introduction: Blood stream infection associated with catheter is life threatening. Various bacterial agents are responsible for this and Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) is now becoming one of the major agent in Catheter Related Blood Stream infection (CRBSI). Objectives: To know the bacterial isolates and the frequency of the CoNS & its antibiotic resistance patterns of in Catheter Related Blood Stream infection (CRBSI). Methods: Catheter tips (5 cm tip) were collected and 5 ml of peripheral blood sample was collected with proper aseptic precautions. Catheter tips were processed using Maki DG et al procedure. Blood was inoculated into the BACTEC blood culture bottle (BacT/ALERT 3D automated blood culture system-BioMerieux). All the gram positive bacteria were further processed for standard biochemical tests. All these isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing (Hi-Media discs) by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion test according to CLSI guidelines. Results: Among the total 158 isolates, 55 (34.8%) were gram positive cocci. Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS), were the predominant isolate in this study. Highest resistance was observed with ampicillin, penicillin, amoxyclav, erythromycin and tetracycline. All the gram positive isolates were 100% sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid. Conclusion: Among the total 158 isolates, 55 (34.8%) were gram positive cocci. Coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) which account 18.98%, followed by 8.86%, Staphylococcus aureus, 5.06% Enterococci and 1.89% were Micrococci. All our isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin and linezolid.
Scrub typhus is an arthropod-borne zoonotic bacterial infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. It presents clinically as a non-specific febrile illness that needs a high index of clinical suspicion for diagnosis. The mortality rate can be as high as 30% if not treated appropriately. Laboratory diagnosis is therefore important for confirming the cause of illness prior to initiating appropriate therapy. Hence we aimed to detect scrub typhus in serum samples of undifferentiated febrile illness patients and to correlate with the socioeconomic status of these individuals. We also aimed to study the seasonal variation associated with the disease. Serum samples from 143 febrile patients who were negative for other febrile illnesses were subjected to scrub typhus IgM ELISA. Scrub typhus IgM antibodies were found in 14 (9.8%) individuals of which 41-60 years being the most affected age group. Scrub typhus positivity was high during the months of October to December (P-value 0.0056) with the individuals from the rural areas being the most affected (P-value 0.027). To conclude, this study emphasises the importance of serological tests to detect scrub typhus and to include it as a differential diagnosis among undifferentiated febrile illnesses.
Background: Acute Gastroenteritis (diarrhoeal disease) is the second most common cause of death among children below 5 years and it remains a major public health concern Aim: This study was done to study the prevalence rate of rotavirus infection in children upto two years presenting with diarrhoea. Materials and method: This study was conducted in our tertiary care hospital, Meenakshi Medical College & Research Institute (MMCH & RI), Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu. The study period was from September 2016 to December 2017. A total of 152 stool samples were collected from children less than 2 years with acute diarrhoea in paediatric department. Result and discussion: In our study, out of 152 stool samples tested, 40 were positive for rotavirus (26.3%). Among the positive patients 26 were male (65%) and 14 were female (35%). This is more common in children of age group between 6-18 months (87.5%).
Conclusion:In our study, the burden of rotaviral associated diarrhoea in children under 2 years is 26.3% and male were commonly affected and prevalent among 6-18 months old children. Health education, regular surveillance and rotavirus vaccination will reduce deaths among children younger than five years.
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