This paper presents numerical simulations of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response for solid targets that are irradiated with strongly bunched, highly focused, intense beams of energetic uranium ions. The main purpose of this work is to study the behavior of thermal stress waves induced in such targets by the incident ion beam. These theoretical studies will complement the experimental investigations that will be carried out in the near future at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) plasma physics experimental area. These experiments will be performed using the existing heavy ion synchrotron, SIS18, which delivers 4 Â 10 9 uranium ions in a single bunch with a length of about 125 ns. Other time structures, for example, a pulse that consists of a series of bunches, are also possible. The particle energy is on the order of 400 MeV/u and the beam can be focused to sub millimeter radius. This information concerning material response under intense beam loading will have important implications on designing a viable production target for the superconducting fragment separator, Super-FRS, which is going to be constructed at the future facility for antiproton and ion research (FAIR), Darmstadt, Germany, for the production and separation of exotic nuclei.
Extensive numerical simulations have been carried out to design a viable solid graphite wheel shaped production target for the super conducting fragment separator experiments (Super-FRS) at the future Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR) using an intense uranium beam. In this study, generation, propagation and decay of deviatoric stress waves induced by the beam in the target, have been investigated. Maximum beam intensities that the target can tolerate using different focal spot sizes that are determined by requirements of good isotope resolution and transmission of the secondary beam through the fragment separator, have been calculated. It has been reported elsewhere that the tensile strength of graphite significantly increases with temperature. To take advantage of this effect, calculations have also been done in which the target is preheated to a higher temperature, that in practice can be achieved, for example, by irradiating the target with a defocused ion beam before the experiments are performed. We report results of a few examples using an initial temperature of 2000 K. This study has shown that employing such a configuration, one may use a solid graphite production target even for the maximum intensity of the uranium beam (5 Â 10 11 ion per bunch) at the Super-FRS.
This paper presents three-dimensional numerical simulations of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of a wheel shaped solid graphite production target for the super conducting fragment separator (Super-FRS) that is irradiated with a fast extracted high intensity uranium beam. These fragment separator experiments will be carried out at the future Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR), at Darmstadt. Previously, we reported simulation results that were carried out using two-dimensional computer codes which showed that one can use a solid graphite target for the Super-FRS for the highest intensity (5 Â 10 11 ions per spill) of the fast extracted uranium beam. Present results, however, have shown that due to three-dimensional effects the maximum intensity that can be used with such a target is 3 Â 10 11 ions per spill. A detailed comparison between two-dimensional and three-dimensional results is presented in this paper.
In this paper we discuss physical and technical issues of high-energy-density physics (HEDP) experiments with intense heavy ion beams that are being performed at the Gesellschaft fu¨r Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt. Special attention is given to a comparison of some recent results on expansion dynamics of evaporating lead that have been obtained in heavy ion beam driven HIHEX (Heavy-Ion Heating and Expansion) experiments at GSI-Darmstadt and in high-explosive driven shock wave loading and release experiments at IPCP-Chernogolovka. r
This paper presents an extensive numerical study of heating of thin solid carbon foils by 1.4 MeV=u uranium ion beams to explore the possibility of using such a target as a charge stripper at the proposed new Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung high energy heavy-ion linac. These simulations have been carried out using a sophisticated 3D computer code that accounts for physical phenomena that are important in this problem. A variety of beam and target parameters have been considered. The results suggest that within the considered parameter range, the target will be severely damaged by the beam. Thus, a carbon foil stripper does not seem to be a reliable option for the future Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung high energy heavy-ion linac, in particular, at FAIR design beam intensities.
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