A youngster’s response to dental treatment may greatly facilitate or hinder the course and quality of treatment provided. Numerous children tend to experience various clinical levels of anxiety and some will go on to develop as an anxiety disorder. Estimates suggest that approximately 10–25% of the population may experience an anxiety disorder at some time. Without adequate tools to measure the levels of anxiety in children, it is not possible to isolate the problem and give them the early attention they need. Problems which have arisen in using rating scales typically involve difficulties related to reliability, validity, and measurement level. The major drawbacks of the rating system lie in possible undetected bias and misrepresentation of data. The scorer weighs the evidence on which the rating is based on a complex manner which is not easily specified, standardized, or objectified. The present review was carried out to understand the clinical significance of various behavior rating scales practiced over the years in pediatric practice.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare, odontogenic tumor frequently misdiagnosed; nonetheless, it has three well-documented clinicopathological variants and has been described as "two-thirds tumor" because of its occurrence in the maxilla in about two-third cases, predominantly in females of younger age, in association with tooth of uneruptive nature, and most frequently in canines. In the recent years, many cases of AOT have been reported in the uncommon sites such as mandible and posterior regions of maxilla with various histopathological presentations. The aim of the present review is to understand the various clinical, histopathological, and radiological features of AOT that have to be taken into consideration for arriving at accurate diagnosis of this so-called "fluctuating tumor."

Background: Orofacial anomalies occur due to incomplete fusion of developmental lines in the head and neck region. Dental anomalies regarded as the most common orofacial anomalies either in isolated or syndromic forms arise due to genetic and environmental factors. Among genetic influences, consanguineous marriages are considered as a significant predisposition factor in the transmission of congenital defects and several autosomal recessive diseases from one generation to other with an increased risk of detrimental effects on offspring. Aim: The present study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence and significant association between consanguinity and isolated dental anomalies with that of nonconsanguineous parents among south-Indian population. Methodology: A total of 116 participants with and without dental anomalies in isolated form pertaining to tooth size, shape, altered morphology, number and eruption were selected followed by brief case history. Participants with a positive history of consanguinity were categorized as Group A while others were categorized under Group B. Results: Sixty-four out of 116 participants (55.17%) showed positive consanguinity (Group A) among which 18 females (56%) and 14 males (44%) presented with isolated dental anomalies. 12 females (66.6%) and 9 males (64.2%) in Group A showed significance with first cousin ( P = 0.00204) whereas no significance was observed in other consanguinity type ( P = 0.7287). Nonetheless, the overall frequency of isolated dental anomalies was slightly higher in Group A than Group B that was statistically significant ( P = 0.0213). Conclusion: A positive correlation between dental anomalies among offspring of consanguineous marriages revealed such prevalence may be attributed to increased risk of recessive deleterious gene expression or defective allele carried to offspring.

Verrucous carcinoma or Ackermann’s tumor is considered a low-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma frequently presenting at the oral mucosa and skin. Oral verrucous carcinoma clinically presents as a proliferative or cauliflower-like lesion or as ulceroproliferative lesion on the buccal mucosa followed by other sites such as the gingiva, tongue, and hard palate. Tobacco in both smoking and smokeless form, alcohol, and opportunist viral infections are the most associated etiologies in most of the reported literature cases. Here, in this paper, we discuss a rare case scenario of a 52-year-old female diagnosed with verrucous carcinoma of the left buccal mucosa with constant traumatic irritation caused by tooth as etiology for the occurrence of lesion, though verrucous carcinoma is described as a benign lesion with minimum aggressive potential but long-standing cases have shown transformation into squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, early diagnosis and surgical excision of the lesion are the most appropriate treatment modality of verrucous carcinoma.