This paper provides an improvement over the earlier theoretical analysis for a rigid, frictionless, cylindrical capsule moving parallel to the horizontal pipe wall (Garg and Round [1]) by taking into account the effects of friction between the capsule and pipe surfaces and of nonuniform clearance over the capsule length. It is found that these effects markedly affect the energy requirements suggesting, thereby, an optimum operation of the capsule-pipeline system. The theoretical results are also compared with the available experimental data.
Theoretical predictions of the behaviour of various parameters governing the free flow of a single, very long, denser-than-liquid carrier, cylindrical capsule in a horizontal pipeline are reported in this paper. The study was carried out for average flow velocities of approximately 1–10 ft/s in pipes of diameters 4, 6, 12, and 24 in with diameter ratios varying from 0·9 to 0·99. While two liquid carriers—water and an oil ( μ = 10 cP and sp. gr. = 0·85)—were used, the eccentricity of the capsule-pipe system was fixed at 0·999. The theoretical solution was found to be in good agreement with the experimental results.
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