The development of the inflammatory process in the liver, including under the influence of hepatitis B and C viruses, is controlled by cells of the immune system, namely, sinusoidal endothelial cells, Ito cells and Kupffer cells. Macrophages play one of the key roles in creating the line of defense. The way in which specific populations of macrophages contribute to liver disease and regeneration is a matter of constant debate. Therefore, identifying the characteristics of these populations of human macrophages is of undeniable value in studying their role in the development of liver pathology. The flavonoid quercetin has capillary-stabilizing properties due to its antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing action. The aim of our study was to determine the changes in immunocompetent liver cells, both qualitative and quantitative, caused by inhibition of central testosterone synthesis in male rats due to the introduction of triptorelin acetate on the 270th day, and the potential effect of quercetin on morphology and liver antigen-presenting cells count against the background of previous administration of triptorelin acetate solution. The experiments were performed on 30 adult male white rats. Rats were divided into 3 groups: control (10), experimental I (10), and experimental II (10). Animals from experimental group I were injected triptorelin acetate subcutaneously at a dose of 0.3 mg of active substance per kg of body weight. In experimental group II, animals received triptorelin acetate in the same dosage and quercetin 100 mg per kg body weight 3 times a week, whereas the control group was administered saline. We conducted biochemical studies in 10% liver tissue homogenate. The main production of superoxide anionic radical (SAR) and superoxide dismutase activity were determined. Peroxynitrite and superoxide anion radical are powerful oxidants that can damage biological polymers (DNA, proteins and biological membranes) and lead to the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress.
The article deals with the methods of organizing student competitions, a form of extracurricular work, arranged by the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of Poltava State Medical University. Student Olympiad is a type of scientific event for students; according to its structure, the Olympiad, as a scientific event at a university, can be subject or thematic. Both types are creative competitions for students. The Olympiad is held to test students' theoretical knowledge of a particular discipline and is aimed at solving certain practical problems. The first years of studying at any university are considered to be the most difficult for both students and teachers due to adaptation processes to new disciplines and learning conditions. The Student Olympiads are a universal means of developing students' creative abilities, intensifying their educational and cognitive activities and improving the quality of training, intensifying and improving the educational process. Not only are the All-Ukrainian Student Olympiads competitions, but they also include a cultural and educational program. The sequence of activities and tasks corresponds to the stages of group development: 1) acquaintance (self-presentation of the participating teams); 2) productive activity (interaction within three rounds of the Olympiad); and 3) comprehension of the experience gained, farewell (summarizing the results of the Olympiad, sharing impressions, providing feedback, exchanging contact information). Discussion of the organization of the student Olympiad at the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of Poltava State Medical University helps to motivate students and increase their interest in the discipline, improve and enhance their knowledge of the subject. The Olympiad is a universal means of students' creativity development, educational and cognitive activity activation, specialist training and educational process improvement.
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