In this work, we, for the first time, manufactured a plasma-chemical reactor operating at a frequency of 0.11 MHz. The reactor allows for the activation of large volumes of liquids in a short time. The physicochemical properties of activated liquids (concentration of hydrogen peroxide, nitrate anions, redox potential, electrical conductivity, pH, concentration of dissolved gases) are characterized in detail. Antifungal activity of aqueous solutions activated by a glow discharge has been investigated. It was shown that aqueous solutions activated by a glow discharge significantly reduce the degree of presence of phytopathogens and their effect on the germination of such seeds. Seeds of cereals (sorghum and barley) and fruit (strawberries) crops were studied. The greatest positive effect was found in the treatment of sorghum seeds. Moreover, laboratory tests have shown a significant increase in sorghum drought tolerance. The effectiveness of the use of glow-discharge-activated aqueous solutions was shown during a field experiment, which was set up in the saline semi-desert of the Northern Caspian region. Thus, the technology developed by us makes it possible to carry out the activation of aqueous solutions on an industrial scale. Water activated by a glow discharge exhibits antifungicidal activity and significantly accelerates the development of the grain and fruit crops we studied. In the case of sorghum culture, glow-discharge-activated water significantly increases drought resistance.
A garden plant grafting technique enhanced by cold plasma (CAP) and plasma-treated solutions (PTS) is described for the first time. It has been shown that CAP created by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and PTS makes it possible to increase the growth of Pyrus communis L. by 35–44%, and the diameter of the root collar by 10–28%. In this case, the electrical resistivity of the graft decreased by 20–48%, which indicated the formation of a more developed vascular system at the rootstock–scion interface. The characteristics of DBD CAP and PTS are described in detail.
Spontaneous and stimulated Raman scattering are studied in Na 2 W 2 O 7 crystal with an orthorhombic structure. The polarized Raman scattering spectra corresponding to all the six independent Raman tensor components are measured. The frequencies of the registered vibrational modes are identified. The most intense Raman mode is observed at 956.3 cm −1 with a linewidth of 3.5 cm −1 . The first observation of stimulated Raman scattering in Na 2 W 2 O 7 under excitation by the second harmonic of a mode-locked Nd:YLF laser with a pulse duration of 25 ps is reported. Raman gains at a wavelength of 523.5 nm in Na 2 W 2 O 7 and KGd(WO 4 ) 2 crystals are measured. We believe that disodium ditungstate crystal is a promising medium for Raman laser converters.
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