Introduction: Recently, there has been a tendency to increase the incidence of pertussis in many countries of the world and this disease in these countries is among 10 most serious causes of death in young children. The aim of the work − is to analyze specialized scientific literature for generalization of data and present a modern look at questions of etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and immunoprophylaxis of pertussis. Materials and methods: Available scientific sources over the past years, devoted to the problem of pertussis are studied by the methods of overview, system and content analysis. Review and conclusions: The main questions of pertussis are outlined. Timely diagnosis, treatment and immunoprophylaxis allow adjusting the actions of doctors to solve the issues of the decrease of the incidence of pertussis. This is greatly helped by modern guidelines for the management of patients with this pathology.

Coronavirus disease has become an extremely relevant problem due to its pandemic over the world. SARS was called atypical pneumonia because of the similarity in clinical symptoms to already known atypical pneumonias. The new respiratory disease is called coronavirus disease 2019 ‒ COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). It is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The main risk group is presented mainly by older population, but experts have begun to note that there is a tendency toward growing number of cases among children. The aim of this study is to analyze the data of the latest relevant literature on SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection in children. The methodology of this study included the systemic and content analysis of available scientific sources devoted to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection in children. An analysis of the literature has shown the average age of sick children is 10.1 years and 6.9 % of them have positive results of antibody test. Half of the children report no symptoms, but those who complain most often have fever (21 %), gastrointestinal symptoms including diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain (13 %), and headache (12 %). The literature contains data on 8 children with COVID-19 with symptoms of atypical appendicitis with a rapid worsening of the condition requiring hospitalization. A clinical example of our own practice has been presented, and it is somewhat different from the commonly described cases characterized by enterocolitis as a component of the course of coronavirus disease in children. Conclusions. Given the current difficult situation in Ukraine, doctors when examining the young patients with gastrointestinal syndrome should test them for COVID-19 in order to make correct diagnosis and then to choose the right management based on the diagnosis that may require isolation measures to prevent spreading the infection and following the COVID-19 clinical protocol. Healthcare workers should raise awareness among the public about coronavirus vaccination to combat the pandemic.

Die Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die Temperatur den größten Einfluß auf die Geschwindigkeit der Zerstörung der Emaille durch saure Lösungen ausübt.

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The aim: To study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of measles, as well as to compare the course of this disease in vaccinated and unvaccinated children in the Poltava region (Ukraine). Materials and methods: 104 inpatients with measles were examined: vaccinated (n=27) and unvaccinated (n=77). The patient examination program included: assessment of complaints and anamnestic data obtained by questioning (during admission to hospital treatment, during treatment and after discharge) and detailed analysis of medical records (Form № 003/у), physical examination, general clinical study of peripheral blood. Statistical processing of the study results was carried out by methods of variation statistics using the program «SPSS 17.0». Results: The clinical and laboratory picture of measles in the examined patients is typical for this disease. Measles vaccinated children are significantly less likely to have fever (р=0.001) and Koplik’s spots (χ2=3.80, р=0.051), the duration of fever (р=0.001), cough (р=0.000), and the length of hospital stay (р=0.000), as well as 3.0 times less often leukopenia is detected (р=0.043) and 2.0 times less often − acceleration of ESR (р=0.023). Conclusions: The obtained data raise the question of expanding the explanatory work on the importance of a full course of preventive vaccination among children, as well as increasing the volume of public procurement of necessary drugs to increase public access to free vaccination.