A calorimetric-time-of-flight (CTOF) technique was used for real-time, high-precision measurement of neutron spectrum at the angle of 175 o from the initial proton beam direction, which hits a face plane of a cylindrical iron target of 20 cm in diameter and 25 cm thick. A comparison was performed between the neutron spectra predicted by the MARS and the MCNPX code systems and measured by experiments for 0.4-, 0.6-, 0.8-, 1.0-, and 1.2-GeV protons.
A description of the IntraNuclear Cascade (INC), preequilibrium, evaporation, fission, coalescence, and Fermi breakup models used by the latest versions of our CEM03.03 and LAQGSM03.03 event generators is presented, with a focus on our most recent developments of these models. The recently developed "S" and "G" versions of our codes, that consider multifragmentation of nuclei formed after the preequilibrium stage of reactions when their excitation energy is above 2A MeV using the Statistical Multifragmentation Model (SMM) code by Botvina et al. ("S" stands for SMM) and the fission-like binary-decay model GEMINI by Charity ("G" stands for GEMINI), respectively, are briefly described as well. Examples of benchmarking our models against a large variety of experimental data on particle-particle, particle-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus reactions are presented. Open questions on reaction mechanisms and future necessary work are outlined.
Results of computational studies of high power spallation thick ADS (Accelerator-Driven System) targets with 0.8-1.2 GeV proton beams are given. Comparisons of experiments and calculations of double differential and integral n/p yield are also described.
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