The seasonal vegetative growth sequences of the highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum Ait.) and certain features, including apical abortion, are described during growth under usual conditions and under the influence of succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (daminozide) sprays. Apical abortion, followed by chlorosis and necrosis of the distal portion of the shoot is a natural phenomenon in highbugh blueberry and results in episodic, sympodial extension growth. Daminozide sprays did not substantially alter the abortion pattern, though shoot growth was substantially reduced the first year of spray application. Shoot growth was not significantly reduced in bushes sprayed but not pruned for 2 years.
Preharvest sprays of (2-chlorethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) and succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (daminozide) and postharvest dips of diphenylamine (DPA) were evaluated for their effects on scald development of ‘Cortland’ apples (Malus domestica Bork.) The total number of scalded fruit and the severity of scald were increased in all years by ethephon treatments. Daminozide treatments reduced scald incidence and severity either alone or in combination with ethephon. DPA dips (2000 ppm) resulted in best scald control. It is postulated that advanced ripeness of the fruit due to ethephon contributed to increased scald incidence.
Flower bud ontogeny was similar in plants of high bush blueberry (Viccinium corymbosum Ait.) grown under normal conditions and under treatment with 5000 ppm succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (daminozide) sprays.
Examination of the cuticle of ‘Cortland’, ‘Mcintosh’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed differences between cultivars in structure of the wax coating. A possible relationship was observed between wax structure and the occurrence and nature of surface breaks to scald susceptibility. Cuticle thickness had no apparent bearing on susceptibility to scald.
Highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) of 7 cultivars were harvested and visually separated into color grades: immature green, mature green, green-pink, blue-pink, blue and ripe. The rates of respiration over a 5 year period and ethylene evolution over a 3 year period of each color grade were determined using an infrared gas analyzer and a gas chromatograph, respectively. The rate of respiration of the berries generally increased from the immature green to a peak at the green-pink or blue-pink stage. Ethylene generally increased to a peak at green-pink. Both patterns are characteristic of climacteric type fruit.
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