Spontaneous pulsations and polarization multistability resulting from the nonlinear interaction of two standing waves with an active medium in a single-longitudinal-mode Fabry-Pérot gas laser with a weakly anisotropic cavity have been studied at different cavity anisotropies and different transitions between the working levels with and without an axial magnetic field applied to the active medium. As predicted theoretically, a series of polarization dynamical phenomena have been observed experimentally in the He-Ne (ϭ1.15 m͒ laser in the case of orthogonal elliptically polarized eigenstates of the cavity. Periodic oscillations of two qualitatively different forms ͑distorted sinusoids and large spikes͒, the transition between two stationary orthogonal elliptically polarized waves in the vicinity of the line center tuning which occurs through the region with polarization instability, as well as switches between the orthogonally polarized components when the output is nonstationary have been found. It is shown that the diversity of nonstationary polarization phenomena in gas lasers with weakly anisotropic cavities is due to spontaneous pulsations of intensities, ellipticities, and azimuths of two emitted waves, caused by the competition of the nonlinear active medium and empty cavity anisotropies. The results of the theoretical modeling are in quantitative agreement with the experimental results.
This paper presents the results of a theoretical analysis of the contribution of the inverse flexoelectric and photoelastic effects to the photorefractive response that accompanies counterpropagating mixing of a steady-state reference wave with a phase-modulated signal wave on reflective holograms in samples of X -cut crystals of symmetry classes 23,43m,42m, 422, 622, 222, and 3m. Experimental studies of such mixing of waves with circular polarization of opposite signs in a Ba 12 TiO 20 :Ni crystal made it possible to estimate its flexoelectric coefficient.
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